Wage statistics. All employees
06.05 - Wages and labour costs
Annual.
National level.
225 - Division for Income and Wage Statistics
Statistics Act Sections 2-2 and 2-3.
Council Regulation (EC) no. 530/1999 of 9 March 1999 Concerning Structural Statistics for Wages and Labour Costs.
Not relevant.
The purpose of the statistics is to provide an overview of wage levels and wage changes for all employees (wage and salary earners) independent of industry or working hours. The statistics were established in 2003 and give figures from 1997.
Major users are the Technical Reporting Committee on the Income Settlement, research and policy institutes, employee and employer organizations, Eurostat, media, trade and industry and private persons. The statistics are used in Statistics Norway’s Labour Accounts and in quarterly wage indices.
The population covers all enterprises in Statistics Norway’s Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises, except for the industrial sections Agriculture, Forestry, Private households with employed persons and Extra-territorial organizations and bodies, in the Standard Industrial Classification (see 4.3.). Each enterprise covers one or more establishments grouped by industrial category. The wage statistics data are obtained for each establishment at the person level.
These statistics are produced by using the wage statistics for several industrial sections (see 3.1).
Wage statistics. Employees in operation of fish farms
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnfisko_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in oil and gas extraction and mining
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnolje_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in manufacturing
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnind_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in electricity supply
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnkraft_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in construction
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnbygganl_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in wholesale and retail trade
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnvare_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in hotels and restaurants
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnhotell_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in transport and communication
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnsamf_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in financial intermediation
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnfinans_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in real estate and business activities
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnef_en/
Wage statistics. Central government employees
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnstat_en/
Wage statistics. Municipal and county municipal employees
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnkomm_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in central government maintained hospitalshttp://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnstasyk_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in private education
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnprivund_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in private health and social work activities
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnhelse_en/
Wage statistics. Employees in social and personal service activities
http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/05/lonnsos_en/
The sample consists of all employees in the wage surveys. See 3.1.
None. The statistics are based on existing data in Statistics Norway.
Not relevant.
In order to give an average level for wages across all industries a re-weighting of the data from the original wage surveys is carried out. From each year National Accounts for third quarter, preliminary figures of the number of employees are utilized to construct a level between the different industries. Thus the final weight considers both the weights from the wage surveys of the respective industries and each industry's level of employees as in the National Accounts.
According to Statistics Act Section 2-6, figures shall not be published in such a way that they may be traced to a particular respondent.
In the statistics, wages and salaries refer only to cash payments from employer to employee for work rendered. The statistics hence do not include payment in kind, insurance or non-taxable expense allowances and the like.
Monthly earnings
Monthly earnings are the main term in Statistics Norway’s wage statistics. Monthly earnings cover basic salaries, variable additional allowances and bonuses. Overtime pay is not included in monthly earnings.
Basic salaries
Basic salaries are the actual payment at the time of the census and are often described as salary by scale or regular basic wage. Qualification/skill allowance and other regular personal allowances are included in this type of wage. The wage or salary may be payment by the hour, week, fortnight or month.
Variable additional allowances
As a rule, variable additional allowances are associated with special duties or working hours and the figures given are a calculated average per month for the period 1 January to the time of the census. Variable additional allowances cover allowances for working evenings and nights, call-out allowance, shift allowance, dirty conditions allowance, offshore allowance and other allowances that occur irregularly.
Bonuses
This item includes allowances that are usually not connected with specific duties and where the payments occur irregularly with respect to the period in which they are earned or to which they apply. Other examples of types of payments under this item are profit sharing, production allowance and gratuities. The figures given for bonuses are a calculated average per month for the period 1 October of the previous year to the time of the census. Information about the 4th quarter of the previous year is included in order to get information for an entire year. This is done because the types of payments covered here are often paid out at irregular intervals and because the earning period is not necessarily the same as the period in which the payment was made.
Payment for overtime work
Payment for overtime work covers the sum of cash compensation for work done beyond contractual working hours, which is then compensated with a supplement to the basic wage or salary. Overtime compensation is a calculated average per month over the period 1 January to the time of the census. This type of payment is not included in monthly earnings, but figures are given for overtime compensation when the statistics are released.
Full-time and part-time
Information is collected on all employees regardless of contractual working hours. Employees with a contractual 33 hours or more per week are regarded as full-time employees. Employees in municipalities, in publicly maintained schools and central government are regarded as full-time employees when engaged in a 100 per cent occupation. Employees with less than 33 hours work-time per week or engaged in an occupation of less than 100 per cent are defined as part-time employees.
Full-time equivalents
In the wage statistics employees with less than 33 hours work-time per week or engaged in an occupation of less than 100 per cent are defined as part-time employees. To be able to compare earnings for full-time and part-time employees the earnings for a part-time employee is recalculated to the earnings a full-time employee would receive. This is done by using the ratio of the working hours for each part-time employee and the average working hours for full-time employees in the industry as the factor of recalculation. Monthly earnings per full-time equivalent for part-time employees may then be put together with monthly earnings for full-time employees and thus it is made possible to calculate average monthly earnings for all employees.
Contractual working hours
Contractual working hours is defined as the contractual number of working hours per week, excluding meal breaks. No deductions are made for absences due to holiday, illness, leave of absence or the like. For employees with working hours that varies from one week to another, the average number of hours per week is reported for the year or for the last month.
Age and sex
The national identity number indicates age and sex.
Industrial classification
A key component of the wage statistics is classification by industry in accordance with the Standard Industrial Classification SN07 (NACE Rev. 2), which is the Norwegian version of the international Standard Industrial Classification (SIC94).
For more information about the Standard Industrial Classification:
http://www3.ssb.no/stabas/ItemsFrames.asp?ID=3152101&Language=nb
http://www.ssb.no/emner/10/01/nace/
For more information about the definition of the Information sector
Classification of occupation
The Standard Classification of Occupation (C521), which is the Norwegian version of the International Standard Classification of Occupation (ISCO-88), is used in the statistics. This set of occupation codes is established throughout the wage statistics, either through direct input or by encoding from other occupation codes.
More information on the Standard Classification of Occupation is available at http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/06/01/nos_c521_en/
Education classification
Education levels are obtained from the register of the Population’s Highest Level of Education (BHU). The classification is by the length of education according to the Standard for Educational Classification.
More information about the Standard Education Classification can be found at http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/04/90/
The figures for 2005 are based on new definitions for what is required to obtain the different levels of education in Norway. The figures for wages by education are therefore not comparable from 2004 and earlier years. More information on http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/04/01/utniv_en/.
Sources of errors in this wage statistics are mainly errors and uncertainty connected to the wage statistics that are the source of the statistics. Errors in registers that are used for stratification and in sample selection, incorrect reporting of wage types, working hours or other variables asked for, errors in scanning or recording reported data or incorrect and incomplete information from other sources.
The increasing use of electronic reporting of wage statistics in recent years has helped to reduce the number of reporting errors (see 3.1).
Measurement errors
Measurement errors will be related to differences in the definitions of the wage components in the original wage statistics.
Processing errors
The possibility of processing errors occurring is connected to the use of the data material from the original wage statistics. The data material is primarily collected to establish wage statistics for the respective industries (see 3.2).
Non-response
None. Non-response in the individual wage statistics is between 2.5 and 5 per cent. This may have some influence on the statistics.
Partial non-response
None. But non-response in the original data material may be of importance.
Non-response in several of the items collected by form and used in the wage statistics can normally be logically calculated on the basis of other information given on the form or imputed from earlier years.
Sampling errors are errors that may arise in areas subject to sampling. Only the statistics for central government, municipalities and publicly maintained schools are based on censuses.
Variance
All sample-based surveys will be burdened with a certain uncertainty. Generally, the results are less certain the fewer the observations they are based on. Uncertainty also depends on wage dispersion and rate of coverage for the various variables in the population from which the sample is drawn.
Bias
This statistics has no sample bias of its own. However, the respective statistics this statistics are based on may be the subjects of sample bias, which arise when the distribution on some variables in different parts of the sample is not the same as the corresponding distribution in the population.
Sample bias in the individual statistics will be of less importance for this statistics due to the considerable quantity of data it is based on.
Frame errors
Incorrect industry codes and/or employment data in Statistics Norway’s Register of Establishments and Enterprises during the selection of the sample may result in the establishments being placed in the wrong industry or selection stratum. Incorrect registrations in the register of the Population’s Highest Level of Education may also cause errors in the statistics.
Model assumption errors
The wage statistics for all employees are based on a re-weighting of several wage statistics and the underlying assumptions for this weighting are a source of model error. To be considered is how appropriate the employment figures from national accounts are for this purpose and the quality and demands that these figures rely on. One model assumption is that the sample from the respective wage statistics reflects the distribution of full-time and part-time employees in the population.
The statistics in the current form were produced for the first time in 2003, and are comparable back to 1997.
New annual wage statistics for most industrial sections were established in 1997. The wage statistics are to be uniform and comparable among the sections. From 1st quarter 1998 a quarterly wage index has also been established (http://www.ssb.no/lonnkvart_en/)
The statistics are found and updated at http://www.ssb.no/lonnansatt_en/
The statistics are published electronically as Today’s Statistics on Statistics Norway’s website. The statistics are released at 10.00 on the day given in the statistics calendar (http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/calendar/calendar.shtml). The statistics are also published in Statistical Yearbook of Norway and NOS Wage Statistics http://www.ssb.no/emner/06/05/nos_c630/.
Raw data files with wage data put through link and estimation programs are stored.
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