Income and wealth
Statistics
Analyses, articles and publications
- Children in low-income households in the Nordic countries 2005-2020
In 2005 the four Nordic countries Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden all had about the same proportion of children in low-income households, which was among the lowest in Europe.
- Reconciling estimates of the long-term earnings effect of fertility
This paper presents novel methodological and empirical contributions to the child penalty literature. We propose a new estimator that combines elements from standard event study and instrumental variable estimators and demonstrate their relatedness.
- Differences in lifetime earnings between educational groups
This report calculates the total earnings over (large parts of) people’s lifetime – lifetime earnings – for different groups defined by their education.
- Pension wealth in Norway 2019-2020
The pension system in Norway ensures that everyone has a certain amount of pension assets when they retire. This report shows the value and distribution of this pension wealth for the Norwegian population in 2019 and 2020.
- Controlling for fixed effects in studies of income underreporting
The expenditure method of Pissarides and Weber (1989) Journal of Public Economics, 39 (1), 17-32) shows how one backs out measure of income underreporting by the self-employed by using food consumption as trace of true income.
- People not in employment, education or training in 2015-2020
The purpose of this report is to investigate the differences between people staying outside employment, education and training for several years, compared to people being outside these activities for a shorter period.
- Increased expenditures for the households – who bears the largest burden?
Norwegian households have experienced unexpected price increases during 2022 on important goods, such as electricity and fuel, and the interest rate has been raised more than expected.
- The economic welfare of low-income households 2022
Most Norwegian households are financially relatively well-off. Income inequality has remained the same in 2020 as in 2017, and thus the disparity between those at the bottom of the income distribution and those at the top remained stable.
- Farmers' income in Norway, 2004 - 2020
This report describes the composition and evolution of Norwegian farmers' income and compares the evolution of farmers' and farm households' income to the evolution of income for other groups of non-farm individuals and households.
- Social security pension generosity and the effect on household saving
This paper examines the substitution between pension wealth and household saving by studying Norway’s 2011 pension reform.
- Unsecured debt. Development 2019-2020, by characteristics of the borrowers
The aim of this report is to provide insight into how interest-bearing unsecured debt has developed in different segments of the population during the period 2019–2021. We have chosen to focus on the interest-bearing part of the unsecured debt because we presume that the interest-free part does not lead to social problems to any great extent.
- Gender or class – What determines voting?
Previous literature has found that extending the suffrage to both females and poorer voters increases the supply of public goods.
- A european equivalence scale for public in-kind transfers
This paper introduces a theory-based equivalence scale for public in-kind transfers, which justifies comparison of distributions of extended income (cash income plus the value of public services) between European countries.
- Economic inequality in Norway in the twenty-first century
This report describes the development in inequality in Norway in the period 2001–2018. We study inequality in income and wealth, the distribution of the tax burden, and the degree of progressivity in the tax system.
Older analyses, articles and publications for subtopic income and wealth.