Updated
Next update
Key figures
0.3 %
seasonally adjusted volume growth for GDP mainland Norway in April
Year | Rolling three-month sum | Month | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 | 2020 | November 2020 - January 2021 | December 2020 - February 2021 | January 2021 - March 2021 | February 2021 - April 2021 | April 2021 | |
1Volume change in rolling three months is calculated by comparing a three-month period with the previous three-month period, for example GDP in May to July compared with February to April. Furthermore, a quarter will be the sum of three months. For example, the January-March period will refer to the first quarter. | |||||||
2Figures from 2019 onwards are preliminary. | |||||||
Gross domestic product | 0.9 | -0.8 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.6 | -1.0 | 0.3 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway | 2.3 | -2.5 | 0.8 | 0.2 | -1.0 | -1.0 | 0.3 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport | -6.1 | 8.0 | -0.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | -1.0 | 0.2 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 2.3 | -4.8 | -0.3 | -1.5 | -1.2 | -1.6 | -1.6 |
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISH | 1.4 | -6.9 | -1.5 | -3.0 | -4.0 | -3.0 | -0.7 |
Final consumption expenditure of general government | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.1 | -1.6 | -1.4 | 0.9 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 4.8 | -3.8 | -0.3 | -1.6 | -2.4 | 0.9 | 3.7 |
Total exports | 0.5 | -0.5 | 0.4 | 0.2 | -2.7 | -0.5 | 4.7 |
Total imports | 4.7 | -11.9 | -2.5 | -5.7 | -5.3 | -2.3 | 0.1 |
Employed persons | 1.6 | -1.3 | . | . | -0.3 | . | |
Total hours worked | 1.8 | -2.2 | . | . | -0.7 | . |
See selected tables from this statistics
Table 1
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Monthly. Seasonally adjusted figures. Percentage change in volume from the previous period
September 2020 | October 2020 | November 2020 | December 2020 | January 2021 | February 2021 | March 2021 | April 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2018 onwards are preliminary | ||||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices | ||||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport | ||||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1.6 | 0.4 | -1.2 | -0.2 | -3.3 | -0.1 | -0.6 | -0.7 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1.7 | 0.3 | -1.2 | -0.1 | -3.2 | 0.0 | -0.7 | -0.6 |
¬¬ Goods | 3.8 | -0.4 | 2.3 | -1.3 | -2.7 | 0.1 | -1.3 | 0.8 |
¬¬ Services | 0.9 | 2.0 | -4.1 | 0.2 | -3.3 | -0.6 | 0.0 | -1.6 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | -45.3 | -7.3 | -35.3 | 36.7 | -1.4 | -50.8 | 20.9 | -22.9 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | 4.6 | 36.7 | 14.4 | -27.7 | 18.4 | -46.4 | 10.8 | 25.9 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 0.0 | 1.9 | -1.2 | -2.0 | -4.9 | -2.4 | 2.3 | -2.5 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 | -1.9 | -0.5 | -0.2 | 0.9 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -1.3 | -1.0 | -0.5 | 0.8 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.3 | -1.6 | -1.2 | -0.5 | 1.3 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -0.2 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.0 | -2.5 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 0.0 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 1.3 | -2.5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.0 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 3.6 | -1.7 | 0.1 | 2.0 | -5.1 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 3.7 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | -2.8 | 4.3 | -1.0 | 4.9 | -5.8 | -2.5 | 4.2 | 9.2 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | -99.1 | 1 140.0 | 630.6 | -98.4 | 1 672.8 | 380.5 | -98.8 | .. |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 7.5 | -3.3 | -1.3 | 3.3 | -5.4 | -0.1 | 4.3 | 2.9 |
¬¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GFCF) | 6.3 | -0.6 | -0.6 | 3.7 | -6.3 | 1.1 | 5.3 | 1.6 |
¬¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 8.6 | -2.9 | -1.1 | 4.2 | -6.8 | 0.5 | 6.4 | 1.4 |
¬¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 1.6 | -32.9 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 8.5 | 9.2 | -4.8 | 72.9 |
¬¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 12.3 | -1.4 | -1.5 | 4.4 | -9.0 | -0.8 | 8.4 | -0.5 |
¬¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 1.8 | -6.7 | 1.0 | 4.2 | -3.8 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 8.5 |
¬¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 4.3 | -3.4 | -1.4 | 3.6 | -3.1 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 0.3 |
¬¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | 2.5 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 3.1 | -5.5 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 1.7 |
¬¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 10.4 | -9.1 | -3.1 | 2.2 | -3.3 | -2.8 | 1.9 | 6.5 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | -30.3 | -34.0 | -27.6 | 133.2 | -67.2 | 73.4 | -70.6 | 293.6 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | -38.9 | -44.4 | 155.9 | -65.5 | 184.8 | -7.0 | -0.9 | -58.9 |
Gross capital formation | -3.7 | -6.3 | 10.1 | -8.0 | 5.5 | 0.0 | 1.7 | -4.9 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | -0.4 | -1.3 | 2.4 | -2.3 | -0.4 | -0.2 | 0.2 | -1.6 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 2.5 | -0.2 | -0.7 | 0.9 | -3.4 | -0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Final demand from general government | 2.1 | -0.9 | -0.1 | 1.0 | -2.2 | -0.9 | 0.2 | 1.9 |
Total exports | 1.7 | 1.8 | -2.9 | 4.9 | -4.7 | 0.1 | -0.7 | 4.7 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 1.4 | 1.3 | -4.4 | 6.6 | -1.4 | -1.4 | 4.3 | -2.8 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 2.6 | 1.3 | -3.4 | 6.0 | -8.8 | 0.3 | -4.6 | 17.4 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | -23.2 | -11.7 | -68.8 | 591.5 | -88.8 | 1 212.2 | -43.4 | -30.1 |
¬ Services (export) | 0.9 | 3.5 | 0.9 | -1.5 | 0.9 | -2.0 | 1.3 | -5.8 |
Total use of goods and services | 0.2 | -0.4 | 0.9 | -0.2 | -1.7 | -0.1 | -0.1 | 0.2 |
Total imports | -1.3 | 0.0 | 3.2 | -5.7 | -4.1 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | -1.5 | 1.0 | 7.0 | -8.2 | -3.6 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 1.0 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | -9.0 | 32.5 | -34.8 | 15.2 | 21.8 | 13.0 | -28.5 | 10.7 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 19.9 | -45.5 | -7.9 | -33.5 | 8.7 | 68.0 | -2.2 | -36.4 |
¬ Services (import) | -2.8 | 2.0 | -1.9 | 2.1 | -7.9 | 0.1 | -0.2 | 0.5 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 0.7 | -0.6 | 0.2 | 1.4 | -1.0 | -0.7 | -0.3 | 0.3 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.7 | 1.1 | -1.0 | -0.5 | -0.4 | 0.3 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | 0.8 | -9.2 | 4.6 | 3.2 | -1.1 | -1.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 0.5 | 1.3 | -0.7 | 1.0 | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.4 | 0.5 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 0.6 | 1.6 | -1.2 | 1.2 | -0.3 | -0.6 | -0.5 | 0.4 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | -2.1 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 2.0 | -1.9 | -0.4 | 1.0 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 1.1 | 3.0 | -4.5 | 5.0 | 0.6 | -1.4 | -1.4 | 0.0 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 0.9 | 1.2 | -0.7 | 0.3 | -1.0 | -0.2 | -0.3 | 0.4 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | -1.2 | -0.6 | -0.3 | 0.8 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 1.7 | 1.5 | -0.6 | 1.3 | -4.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | -0.7 |
Table 2
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Rolling three-month sum. Seasonally adjusted. Percentage change in volume
July 2020 - September 2020 | August 2020 - October 2020 | September 2020 - November 2020 | October 2020 - December 2020 | November 2020 - January 2021 | December 2020 - February 2021 | January 2021 - March 2021 | February 2021 - April 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2018 onwards are prelimanry | ||||||||
2Rolling three-month growth is calculated by comparing a three-month period with the previous three-month period, for example growth in May to July compared with February to April. Furthermore, March, June, September and December represent the quarters in a year. For example, March will represent the first quarter. | ||||||||
3Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices. | ||||||||
4Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | ||||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 9.2 | 4.1 | 1.5 | 0.2 | -1.5 | -3.0 | -4.0 | -3.0 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 9.3 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 0.1 | -1.5 | -2.8 | -3.8 | -2.8 |
¬¬ Goods | 5.7 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.5 | -1.7 | -3.1 | -2.7 |
¬¬ Services | 12.3 | 8.3 | 3.2 | 0.8 | -3.5 | -4.2 | -4.9 | -3.3 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 462.5 | 76.9 | -33.0 | -45.6 | -40.7 | -19.8 | -28.1 | -43.9 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | 98.0 | 88.9 | 75.5 | 45.0 | 21.4 | -19.0 | -29.8 | -37.8 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 7.7 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 1.1 | -2.9 | -6.1 | -7.4 | -5.7 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.1 | -1.6 | -1.4 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 3.2 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 0.7 | -0.5 | -1.9 | -1.8 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 3.5 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.6 | -0.7 | -2.3 | -2.1 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.3 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 0.7 | -1.4 | -0.9 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | -0.9 | -0.1 | 1.7 | 1.4 | -0.3 | -1.6 | -2.4 | 0.9 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | -3.3 | -1.4 | -0.5 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 0.7 | -3.4 | 0.8 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 651.4 | 252.1 | -25.0 | -5.3 | -1.7 | 41.8 | 41.3 | -16.7 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | -1.0 | -0.4 | 2.5 | 1.0 | -0.8 | -2.5 | -2.5 | 1.1 |
¬¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GFCF) | -0.3 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 1.3 | -0.9 | -1.8 | 1.9 |
¬¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 0.2 | 0.9 | 3.3 | 2.5 | 0.1 | -2.1 | -2.3 | 1.7 |
¬¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | -13.4 | -17.8 | -23.7 | -30.5 | -19.4 | -3.6 | 15.0 | 38.5 |
¬¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 2.4 | 4.9 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 1.1 | -3.6 | -4.8 | -0.5 |
¬¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 1.7 | -0.6 | -2.4 | -3.6 | -1.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 4.0 |
¬¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | -5.2 | -6.7 | -4.3 | -2.6 | -0.9 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 5.2 |
¬¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | -1.2 | -1.3 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 1.1 | -1.0 | 2.3 |
¬¬¬ General government (GFCF) | -2.6 | -1.3 | 1.7 | -4.1 | -5.7 | -6.1 | -4.1 | -1.0 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 223.5 | -13.6 | -53.0 | -54.6 | -36.8 | -1.2 | -47.4 | -20.7 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | 77.0 | 56.0 | -6.9 | -26.5 | 3.8 | 7.0 | 61.4 | -5.8 |
Gross capital formation | 4.7 | 4.3 | 0.6 | -2.0 | 0.2 | -0.7 | 3.4 | 0.1 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 6.2 | 3.8 | 1.5 | 0.1 | -0.3 | -1.5 | -1.2 | -1.6 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 5.0 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.0 | -0.6 | -2.0 | -3.0 | -1.6 |
Final demand from general government | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 0.0 | -1.1 | -2.1 | -1.3 |
Total exports | 3.8 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | -2.7 | -0.5 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 8.3 | 10.9 | 6.3 | 3.1 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 1.1 | -1.2 | -0.9 | 1.0 | -0.9 | -2.0 | -7.5 | -1.4 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 28.9 | -55.7 | -70.3 | -48.3 | -24.9 | 127.4 | 49.5 | 128.6 |
¬ Services (export) | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 0.2 | -0.7 | -3.0 |
Total use of goods and services | 5.5 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 0.7 | -0.1 | -1.0 | -1.7 | -1.3 |
Total imports | 9.7 | 6.2 | 2.1 | 0.4 | -2.5 | -5.7 | -5.3 | -2.3 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 12.9 | 7.0 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 0.1 | -5.7 | -5.7 | -2.7 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | -5.2 | 43.6 | 17.5 | 16.3 | -10.3 | 12.2 | 11.9 | 11.8 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | -4.1 | 0.4 | -9.3 | -38.0 | -49.6 | -36.1 | 13.7 | 32.3 |
¬ Services (import) | 4.9 | 2.5 | -0.8 | -0.4 | -2.8 | -3.8 | -7.2 | -4.7 |
Gross domestic product, market values3 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.6 | -1.0 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values | 4.9 | 3.6 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | -1.0 | -1.0 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport4 | 1.9 | -0.7 | -2.9 | -4.5 | -0.1 | 1.5 | 1.5 | -1.0 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 4.7 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 0.4 | -0.6 | -0.8 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 4.6 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 0.5 | -0.5 | -0.7 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 2.5 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 1.2 | -0.5 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 0.9 | -0.3 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 5.4 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 0.3 | -0.5 | -1.2 | -0.8 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 4.9 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 0.3 | -1.0 | -1.1 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 6.4 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 0.4 | -1.4 | -3.4 | -2.4 |
Table 3
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. At current prices. NOK million
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are prelimanry | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices | |||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1 583 194 | 1 496 388 | 375 968 | 351 842 | 371 963 | 396 615 | 364 822 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1 497 604 | 1 417 482 | 354 175 | 332 859 | 354 630 | 375 818 | 345 958 |
¬¬ Goods | 677 948 | 719 497 | 153 148 | 178 307 | 185 416 | 202 626 | 176 811 |
¬¬ Services | 743 791 | 684 583 | 187 012 | 155 265 | 168 895 | 173 411 | 169 820 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 127 385 | 30 168 | 21 872 | 854 | 5 269 | 2 174 | 1 368 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | -51 520 | -16 766 | -7 857 | -1 567 | -4 950 | -2 393 | -2 041 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 85 590 | 78 906 | 21 794 | 18 982 | 17 333 | 20 797 | 18 863 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 868 066 | 905 561 | 222 621 | 232 543 | 223 619 | 226 778 | 233 119 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 423 407 | 448 796 | 109 523 | 114 683 | 110 835 | 113 755 | 114 931 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 372 087 | 394 880 | 96 655 | 100 607 | 97 804 | 99 813 | 101 074 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 51 321 | 53 916 | 12 868 | 14 076 | 13 031 | 13 942 | 13 857 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 444 659 | 456 765 | 113 098 | 117 860 | 112 784 | 113 023 | 118 188 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 914 603 | 906 965 | 221 005 | 223 842 | 223 624 | 238 494 | 218 018 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 178 121 | 180 826 | 44 528 | 45 402 | 43 675 | 47 221 | 41 256 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 2 815 | 5 403 | 2 053 | 253 | 1 558 | 1 538 | 2 058 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 733 668 | 720 735 | 174 424 | 178 187 | 178 390 | 189 734 | 174 704 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 325 438 | 313 595 | 76 241 | 76 940 | 76 002 | 84 413 | 74 345 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 3 871 | 2 662 | 791 | 780 | 541 | 550 | 523 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 192 906 | 187 378 | 47 655 | 44 899 | 44 369 | 50 455 | 46 426 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 51 585 | 47 187 | 11 300 | 11 255 | 10 830 | 13 804 | 10 843 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 77 077 | 76 368 | 16 496 | 20 006 | 20 262 | 19 604 | 16 553 |
¬¬ welling service (households) (GFCF) | 194 763 | 190 743 | 46 268 | 47 442 | 47 067 | 49 965 | 49 124 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 213 467 | 216 398 | 51 914 | 53 805 | 55 322 | 55 356 | 51 235 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 393 | 168 | 91 | 16 | 28 | 33 | 10 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | 144 846 | 119 691 | 64 129 | 4 038 | 19 509 | 32 015 | 48 025 |
Gross capital formation | 1 059 842 | 1 026 824 | 285 225 | 227 897 | 243 160 | 270 541 | 266 052 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 3 511 102 | 3 428 773 | 883 814 | 812 282 | 838 743 | 893 934 | 863 992 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 3 184 927 | 3 122 684 | 773 013 | 762 572 | 773 972 | 813 126 | 772 644 |
Final demand from general government | 1 081 532 | 1 121 958 | 274 535 | 286 348 | 278 940 | 282 134 | 284 353 |
Total exports | 1 296 221 | 1 109 998 | 310 637 | 238 437 | 258 429 | 302 494 | 335 884 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 432 332 | 408 507 | 108 375 | 96 144 | 95 986 | 108 002 | 112 793 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 463 694 | 352 963 | 105 157 | 60 290 | 79 522 | 107 994 | 143 124 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 12 474 | 9 370 | 3 731 | 1 984 | 2 398 | 1 257 | 1 329 |
¬ Services (export) | 387 721 | 339 158 | 93 374 | 80 019 | 80 523 | 85 241 | 78 638 |
Total use of goods and services | 4 807 323 | 4 538 771 | 1 194 452 | 1 050 720 | 1 097 172 | 1 196 428 | 1 199 876 |
Total imports | 1 238 835 | 1 125 321 | 297 236 | 260 947 | 274 826 | 292 312 | 262 531 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 736 179 | 747 140 | 181 502 | 175 951 | 187 145 | 202 542 | 186 018 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 24 975 | 17 015 | 5 935 | 3 241 | 3 913 | 3 926 | 4 662 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 35 572 | 36 199 | 10 555 | 10 053 | 9 284 | 6 307 | 5 796 |
¬ Services (import) | 442 109 | 324 967 | 99 245 | 71 702 | 74 484 | 79 537 | 66 055 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 3 568 488 | 3 413 450 | 897 215 | 789 773 | 822 346 | 904 116 | 937 345 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 3 068 407 | 3 043 039 | 784 820 | 727 013 | 736 944 | 794 262 | 786 578 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | 500 081 | 370 411 | 112 395 | 62 760 | 85 402 | 109 854 | 150 768 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2 669 508 | 2 639 073 | 689 252 | 629 534 | 634 152 | 686 135 | 688 803 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 1 992 855 | 1 945 368 | 519 248 | 450 770 | 462 036 | 513 315 | 511 185 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 231 211 | 233 917 | 62 642 | 55 623 | 54 569 | 61 083 | 58 837 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 358 770 | 326 185 | 90 142 | 68 107 | 79 618 | 88 317 | 95 886 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 1 402 874 | 1 385 267 | 366 464 | 327 040 | 327 849 | 363 914 | 356 462 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 676 653 | 693 705 | 170 005 | 178 764 | 172 116 | 172 820 | 177 618 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 398 899 | 403 966 | 95 568 | 97 479 | 102 792 | 108 127 | 97 775 |
Table 4
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. At constant 2018-prices. NOK million
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are preliminary | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1 548 014 | 1 440 755 | 360 317 | 336 668 | 360 619 | 383 150 | 340 900 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1 465 262 | 1 367 789 | 339 213 | 320 038 | 344 190 | 364 347 | 323 758 |
¬¬ Goods | 668 007 | 705 595 | 153 135 | 175 272 | 179 910 | 197 277 | 169 092 |
¬¬ Services | 724 766 | 650 911 | 173 545 | 145 539 | 164 343 | 167 484 | 155 387 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 122 752 | 27 444 | 20 130 | 741 | 4 670 | 1 904 | 1 243 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | -50 264 | -16 161 | -7 597 | -1 513 | -4 733 | -2 318 | -1 964 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 82 753 | 72 965 | 21 104 | 16 630 | 16 429 | 18 803 | 17 142 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 841 508 | 855 679 | 212 692 | 209 867 | 214 122 | 218 997 | 216 277 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 411 130 | 423 323 | 105 352 | 103 368 | 106 504 | 108 100 | 106 307 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 361 203 | 371 683 | 92 689 | 90 519 | 93 535 | 94 941 | 93 025 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 49 927 | 51 640 | 12 663 | 12 848 | 12 969 | 13 159 | 13 282 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 430 378 | 432 356 | 107 340 | 106 500 | 107 619 | 110 898 | 109 971 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 891 426 | 857 248 | 211 908 | 209 884 | 211 700 | 223 756 | 203 867 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 172 306 | 165 167 | 41 523 | 40 580 | 40 481 | 42 581 | 37 859 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 2 642 | 4 683 | 1 837 | 197 | 1 365 | 1 284 | 1 817 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 716 478 | 687 398 | 168 548 | 169 107 | 169 853 | 179 891 | 164 191 |
¬¬Næringer (bruttoinvestering) | 318 274 | 298 842 | 73 390 | 72 820 | 72 546 | 80 087 | 70 041 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 3 766 | 2 511 | 753 | 728 | 513 | 517 | 486 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 189 001 | 179 271 | 45 992 | 42 605 | 42 569 | 48 105 | 43 934 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 50 293 | 44 688 | 10 822 | 10 578 | 10 263 | 13 024 | 10 126 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 75 214 | 72 373 | 15 823 | 18 908 | 19 200 | 18 441 | 15 495 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | 190 300 | 182 659 | 44 995 | 45 384 | 44 849 | 47 431 | 46 127 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 207 904 | 205 897 | 50 163 | 50 903 | 52 458 | 52 373 | 48 023 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 378 | 151 | 84 | 14 | 24 | 29 | 8 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | 145 788 | 109 593 | 59 720 | 4 139 | 16 678 | 29 056 | 44 040 |
Gross capital formation | 1 037 592 | 966 992 | 271 711 | 214 037 | 228 402 | 252 841 | 247 916 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 3 427 114 | 3 263 426 | 844 721 | 760 572 | 803 144 | 854 989 | 805 093 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 3 106 001 | 2 983 832 | 741 558 | 715 642 | 744 594 | 782 039 | 721 368 |
Final demand from general government | 1 049 412 | 1 061 577 | 262 855 | 260 770 | 266 581 | 271 371 | 264 300 |
Total exports | 1 356 582 | 1 350 429 | 351 014 | 319 540 | 328 143 | 351 732 | 340 314 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 429 387 | 419 917 | 105 333 | 97 600 | 103 352 | 113 632 | 111 741 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 544 745 | 599 843 | 157 133 | 143 441 | 143 749 | 155 519 | 152 933 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 12 195 | 8 143 | 3 264 | 1 651 | 2 128 | 1 101 | 1 098 |
¬ Services (export) | 370 256 | 322 526 | 85 284 | 76 848 | 78 915 | 81 480 | 74 543 |
Total use of goods and services | 4 783 697 | 4 613 855 | 1 195 735 | 1 080 112 | 1 131 287 | 1 206 721 | 1 145 407 |
Total imports | 1 199 522 | 1 057 130 | 281 977 | 242 769 | 260 499 | 271 886 | 244 378 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 718 462 | 699 651 | 173 067 | 161 801 | 175 733 | 189 049 | 172 271 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 25 396 | 22 547 | 6 802 | 4 945 | 5 391 | 5 408 | 5 335 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 33 015 | 30 180 | 9 161 | 8 232 | 7 893 | 4 894 | 4 808 |
¬ Services (import) | 422 650 | 304 752 | 92 946 | 67 790 | 71 482 | 72 535 | 61 965 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 3 584 175 | 3 556 725 | 913 758 | 837 343 | 870 788 | 934 835 | 901 029 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 3 003 219 | 2 929 236 | 749 469 | 685 770 | 718 795 | 775 203 | 738 908 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport | 580 956 | 627 489 | 164 290 | 151 574 | 151 994 | 159 632 | 162 120 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2 605 506 | 2 539 976 | 654 958 | 592 835 | 620 905 | 671 277 | 644 456 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 1 949 758 | 1 889 434 | 492 598 | 435 885 | 456 881 | 504 070 | 479 862 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 224 468 | 218 702 | 57 352 | 52 329 | 51 561 | 57 460 | 56 217 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 358 099 | 359 632 | 93 399 | 77 450 | 89 033 | 99 750 | 95 489 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 1 367 192 | 1 311 100 | 341 847 | 306 107 | 316 288 | 346 860 | 328 157 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 655 748 | 650 541 | 162 360 | 156 950 | 164 024 | 167 207 | 164 594 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 397 713 | 389 260 | 94 510 | 92 935 | 97 889 | 103 926 | 94 453 |
Table 5
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. Percentage change in volume from the same period in the previous year
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are prelimanry | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices. | |||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1.4 | -6.9 | -3.4 | -12.9 | -6.1 | -5.3 | -5.4 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1.3 | -6.7 | -3.5 | -12.5 | -5.7 | -4.8 | -4.6 |
¬¬ Goods | 0.0 | 5.6 | -2.4 | 4.1 | 9.4 | 10.6 | 10.4 |
¬¬ Services | 2.8 | -10.2 | -2.5 | -18.6 | -10.4 | -9.2 | -10.5 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 0.9 | -77.6 | -20.9 | -97.7 | -87.8 | -93.0 | -93.8 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | 4.2 | -67.8 | -11.2 | -88.7 | -77.5 | -68.3 | -74.2 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 3.0 | -11.8 | -1.6 | -19.4 | -13.0 | -13.7 | -18.8 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.2 | -0.7 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 1.7 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 1.9 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 0.9 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 1.6 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 3.2 | 4.5 | 0.4 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 4.9 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.9 | -2.0 | 0.3 | 2.7 | 2.5 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 4.8 | -3.8 | 2.1 | -4.5 | -7.4 | -5.0 | -3.8 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 12.6 | -4.1 | 10.8 | -5.6 | -8.9 | -10.2 | -8.8 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | -68.2 | 77.3 | 532.3 | -67.8 | 65.9 | 40.2 | -1.1 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 4.0 | -4.1 | -0.7 | -4.0 | -7.4 | -3.8 | -2.6 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 5.6 | -6.1 | -1.0 | -6.7 | -9.7 | -6.6 | -4.6 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 38.7 | -33.3 | -6.8 | -27.2 | -42.8 | -51.3 | -35.5 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 3.5 | -5.1 | -1.1 | -8.9 | -9.3 | -1.4 | -4.5 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 24.4 | -11.1 | -0.9 | -9.8 | -16.4 | -15.3 | -6.4 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | -0.6 | -3.8 | -0.2 | 1.9 | -5.3 | -10.1 | -2.1 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | -1.7 | -4.0 | -5.7 | -5.5 | -6.4 | 1.6 | 2.5 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 7.2 | -1.0 | 4.5 | 1.6 | -4.9 | -4.2 | -4.3 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 5.8 | -60.1 | -13.1 | -85.3 | -69.8 | -72.6 | -90.4 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | -0.5 | -24.8 | 0.0 | -84.4 | -37.4 | -11.8 | -26.3 |
Gross capital formation | 4.1 | -6.8 | 1.6 | -13.1 | -10.6 | -5.8 | -8.8 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 2.3 | -4.8 | -0.4 | -9.9 | -5.5 | -3.3 | -4.7 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 2.1 | -3.9 | -1.2 | -7.5 | -4.3 | -2.6 | -2.7 |
Final demand from general government | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.7 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.5 |
Total exports | 0.5 | -0.5 | 3.4 | -3.6 | -0.4 | -1.3 | -3.0 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 4.6 | -2.2 | -2.9 | -7.2 | -1.0 | 2.1 | 6.1 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | -4.3 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 12.6 | 18.5 | 2.2 | -2.7 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 1.4 | -33.2 | 4.4 | -63.3 | -17.0 | -45.2 | -66.4 |
¬ Services (export) | 3.5 | -12.9 | 1.7 | -18.5 | -22.1 | -10.2 | -12.6 |
Total use of goods and services | 1.8 | -3.6 | 0.7 | -8.1 | -4.1 | -2.7 | -4.2 |
Total imports | 4.7 | -11.9 | -1.6 | -20.5 | -15.2 | -9.5 | -13.3 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 5.7 | -2.6 | -4.4 | -11.2 | -0.1 | 5.3 | -0.5 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 5.0 | -11.2 | 45.5 | -10.0 | -33.2 | -24.4 | -21.6 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | -12.9 | -8.6 | 40.8 | -20.7 | -17.4 | -25.6 | -47.5 |
¬ Services (import) | 4.7 | -27.9 | -1.5 | -36.8 | -37.2 | -32.3 | -33.3 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 0.9 | -0.8 | 1.4 | -3.8 | -0.2 | -0.6 | -1.4 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 2.3 | -2.5 | 0.1 | -6.3 | -3.1 | -0.7 | -1.4 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | -6.1 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 9.8 | 16.1 | 0.0 | -1.3 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2.5 | -2.5 | 0.4 | -6.4 | -3.3 | -0.9 | -1.6 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 2.6 | -3.1 | 0.4 | -7.1 | -4.4 | -1.6 | -2.6 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 2.7 | -2.6 | 1.3 | -6.1 | -4.4 | -1.3 | -2.0 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.4 | -1.5 | -1.3 | 2.7 | 2.2 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 2.8 | -4.1 | 0.0 | -8.6 | -5.3 | -2.8 | -4.0 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 2.2 | -0.8 | 0.3 | -4.3 | -0.1 | 1.0 | 1.4 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 1.4 | -2.1 | -2.1 | -6.1 | -1.3 | 0.9 | -0.1 |
Table 6
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. Percentage change in prices from the same period in the previous year
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are prelimanry | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices. | |||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 2.6 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 2.3 |
¬¬ Goods | 1.5 | 0.5 | -1.5 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 4.6 |
¬¬ Services | 2.6 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.4 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 3.8 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 12.4 | 8.8 | 6.6 | 1.3 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | 2.5 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 3.4 | 4.6 | 3.6 | 8.6 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 6.6 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 3.2 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 3.0 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 5.5 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 4.0 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 4.2 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 2.8 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.7 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 3.3 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 1.0 | -0.4 | 2.0 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 3.4 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 1.6 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 6.6 | 8.3 | -3.6 | 22.7 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 1.3 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.8 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.2 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.5 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.5 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 3.6 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 2.7 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 3.9 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 13.2 | 8.4 | 9.0 | 12.2 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | -0.6 | 9.9 | 7.0 | -4.9 | 20.6 | 13.7 | 1.6 |
Gross capital formation | 2.1 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 2.2 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 2.6 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 2.7 |
Final demand from general government | 3.1 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 3.0 |
Total exports | -4.4 | -14.0 | -10.1 | -21.4 | -14.4 | -11.0 | 11.5 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 0.7 | -3.4 | 2.8 | -3.7 | -6.0 | -6.4 | -1.9 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | -14.9 | -30.9 | -28.8 | -49.4 | -26.5 | -19.5 | 39.8 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 2.3 | 12.5 | 15.9 | 20.9 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 5.9 |
¬ Services (export) | 4.7 | 0.4 | 5.3 | 1.6 | -2.7 | -2.7 | -3.6 |
Total use of goods and services | 0.5 | -2.1 | -1.0 | -3.6 | -2.2 | -1.8 | 4.9 |
Total imports | 3.3 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 1.9 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 2.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 2.1 | 3.0 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | -1.7 | -23.3 | -7.5 | -34.5 | -25.4 | -28.0 | 0.2 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 7.7 | 11.3 | 7.3 | 13.8 | 11.1 | 15.5 | 4.6 |
¬ Services (import) | 4.6 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 2.9 | -0.1 | 0.8 | -0.2 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | -0.4 | -3.6 | -2.5 | -6.1 | -3.4 | -2.6 | 5.9 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.7 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | -13.9 | -31.4 | -27.8 | -50.9 | -27.3 | -20.4 | 35.9 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2.5 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 1.6 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 2.2 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.1 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 3.0 | 3.8 | 8.0 | 2.6 | -0.1 | 4.7 | -4.2 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 0.2 | -9.5 | -6.7 | -12.2 | -8.0 | -11.3 | 4.0 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.3 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 3.2 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 6.9 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 3.1 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 0.3 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
Table 7
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. Seasonally adjusted figures. At current prices. NOK million
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are prelimanry | |||||||
2Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1 583 194 | 1 496 388 | 385 772 | 348 345 | 381 167 | 382 032 | 371 253 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1 497 604 | 1 417 482 | 364 396 | 329 930 | 361 655 | 362 670 | 352 310 |
¬¬ Goods | 677 948 | 719 497 | 164 962 | 176 008 | 188 020 | 191 084 | 187 826 |
¬¬ Services | 743 791 | 684 583 | 183 919 | 154 642 | 172 351 | 173 579 | 165 836 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 127 385 | 30 168 | 26 938 | 779 | 4 271 | 2 335 | 1 707 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | -51 520 | -16 766 | -11 423 | -1 499 | -2 986 | -4 328 | -3 058 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 85 590 | 78 906 | 21 376 | 18 415 | 19 511 | 19 362 | 18 943 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 868 066 | 905 561 | 224 242 | 225 039 | 226 209 | 230 425 | 234 838 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 423 407 | 448 796 | 110 725 | 111 516 | 112 568 | 114 109 | 116 163 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 372 087 | 394 880 | 97 384 | 97 944 | 99 074 | 100 604 | 101 796 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 51 321 | 53 916 | 13 342 | 13 573 | 13 494 | 13 505 | 14 367 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 444 659 | 456 765 | 113 517 | 113 523 | 113 641 | 116 315 | 118 675 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 914 603 | 906 965 | 228 091 | 226 860 | 223 572 | 227 987 | 225 458 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 178 121 | 180 826 | 46 312 | 45 892 | 43 184 | 45 395 | 43 010 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 2 815 | 5 403 | 2 070 | 237 | 1 555 | 1 542 | 2 074 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 733 668 | 720 735 | 179 708 | 180 731 | 178 833 | 181 050 | 180 374 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 325 438 | 313 595 | 80 653 | 76 919 | 76 787 | 79 048 | 78 974 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 3 871 | 2 662 | 803 | 758 | 646 | 458 | 533 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 192 906 | 187 378 | 48 203 | 44 771 | 45 622 | 48 733 | 47 020 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 51 585 | 47 187 | 12 405 | 11 554 | 11 710 | 11 464 | 12 021 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 77 077 | 76 368 | 19 243 | 19 836 | 18 808 | 18 393 | 19 400 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | 194 763 | 190 743 | 47 007 | 47 453 | 46 943 | 49 296 | 49 935 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 213 467 | 216 398 | 52 048 | 56 360 | 55 103 | 52 706 | 51 464 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 393 | 168 | 89 | 14 | 42 | 23 | 8 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | 144 846 | 119 691 | 40 683 | 10 228 | 28 189 | 31 657 | 33 873 |
Gross capital formation | 1 059 842 | 1 026 824 | 268 863 | 237 102 | 251 804 | 259 668 | 259 339 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 3 511 102 | 3 428 773 | 878 877 | 810 486 | 859 179 | 872 125 | 865 430 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 3 184 927 | 3 122 684 | 789 722 | 754 115 | 786 209 | 793 507 | 786 465 |
Final demand from general government | 1 081 532 | 1 121 958 | 276 290 | 281 399 | 281 312 | 283 131 | 286 302 |
Total exports | 1 296 221 | 1 109 998 | 308 300 | 246 579 | 271 586 | 284 142 | 329 968 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 432 332 | 408 507 | 108 350 | 95 621 | 99 330 | 104 177 | 112 259 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 463 694 | 352 963 | 96 029 | 69 468 | 89 942 | 95 616 | 133 587 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 12 474 | 9 370 | 3 731 | 1 984 | 2 398 | 1 257 | 1 329 |
¬ Services (export) | 387 721 | 339 158 | 100 189 | 79 507 | 79 916 | 83 092 | 82 793 |
Total use of goods and services | 4 807 323 | 4 538 771 | 1 187 177 | 1 057 065 | 1 130 765 | 1 156 267 | 1 195 398 |
Total imports | 1 238 835 | 1 125 321 | 306 488 | 260 087 | 279 413 | 280 993 | 269 497 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 736 179 | 747 140 | 181 196 | 174 708 | 192 708 | 195 341 | 188 626 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 24 975 | 17 015 | 6 511 | 3 474 | 3 432 | 3 931 | 5 255 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 35 572 | 36 199 | 10 555 | 10 053 | 9 284 | 6 307 | 5 796 |
¬ Services (import) | 442 109 | 324 967 | 108 226 | 71 852 | 73 989 | 75 413 | 69 821 |
Gross domestic product, market values | 3 568 488 | 3 413 450 | 880 689 | 796 978 | 851 352 | 875 274 | 925 901 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values | 3 068 407 | 3 043 039 | 773 116 | 729 786 | 758 498 | 775 596 | 781 553 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport2 | 500 081 | 370 411 | 107 573 | 67 192 | 92 854 | 99 678 | 144 348 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2 669 508 | 2 639 073 | 674 129 | 633 463 | 655 375 | 671 071 | 679 788 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 1 992 855 | 1 945 368 | 501 067 | 461 983 | 481 091 | 495 960 | 498 941 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 231 211 | 233 917 | 61 188 | 55 988 | 57 110 | 61 380 | 59 199 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 358 770 | 326 185 | 85 338 | 77 197 | 81 132 | 80 640 | 91 378 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 1 402 874 | 1 385 267 | 354 541 | 328 798 | 342 848 | 353 941 | 348 364 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 676 653 | 693 705 | 173 062 | 171 479 | 174 284 | 175 110 | 180 847 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 398 899 | 403 966 | 98 987 | 96 323 | 103 123 | 104 525 | 101 766 |
Table 8
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. Seasonally adjusted figures. At constant 2018-prices. NOK million
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are preliminary | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices. | |||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1 548 014 | 1 440 755 | 373 263 | 335 554 | 366 467 | 367 003 | 351 903 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1 465 262 | 1 367 789 | 353 089 | 318 991 | 348 628 | 348 971 | 335 212 |
¬¬ Goods | 668 007 | 705 595 | 163 952 | 173 888 | 183 851 | 185 856 | 179 622 |
¬¬ Services | 724 766 | 650 911 | 175 033 | 145 878 | 163 862 | 165 218 | 156 951 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 122 752 | 27 444 | 25 068 | 674 | 3 785 | 2 059 | 1 556 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | -50 264 | -16 161 | -10 965 | -1 449 | -2 870 | -4 162 | -2 917 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 82 753 | 72 965 | 20 174 | 16 563 | 17 839 | 18 033 | 16 691 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 841 508 | 855 679 | 212 921 | 208 321 | 214 689 | 219 840 | 216 517 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 411 130 | 423 323 | 105 509 | 103 134 | 106 473 | 108 240 | 106 448 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 361 203 | 371 683 | 92 795 | 90 302 | 93 505 | 95 117 | 93 112 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 49 927 | 51 640 | 12 714 | 12 832 | 12 968 | 13 124 | 13 337 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 430 378 | 432 356 | 107 412 | 105 187 | 108 216 | 111 600 | 110 069 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 891 426 | 857 248 | 218 091 | 213 411 | 211 268 | 214 061 | 210 347 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 172 306 | 165 167 | 43 277 | 41 308 | 39 621 | 40 974 | 39 501 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | 2 642 | 4 683 | 1 853 | 181 | 1 361 | 1 288 | 1 833 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 716 478 | 687 398 | 172 961 | 171 921 | 170 286 | 171 799 | 169 013 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 318 274 | 298 842 | 77 594 | 72 962 | 73 156 | 74 961 | 74 433 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 3 766 | 2 511 | 764 | 708 | 615 | 427 | 496 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 189 001 | 179 271 | 46 504 | 42 587 | 43 628 | 46 507 | 44 487 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 50 293 | 44 688 | 11 865 | 10 936 | 11 132 | 10 710 | 11 228 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | 75 214 | 72 373 | 18 461 | 18 732 | 17 781 | 17 318 | 18 223 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | 190 300 | 182 659 | 45 289 | 45 431 | 44 896 | 46 976 | 46 525 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 207 904 | 205 897 | 50 079 | 53 528 | 52 233 | 49 862 | 48 055 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 378 | 151 | 85 | 12 | 38 | 17 | 9 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | 145 788 | 109 593 | 35 660 | 16 308 | 29 168 | 21 803 | 33 240 |
Gross capital formation | 1 037 592 | 966 992 | 253 836 | 229 730 | 240 474 | 235 880 | 243 595 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 3 427 114 | 3 263 426 | 840 020 | 773 606 | 821 630 | 822 724 | 812 016 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 3 106 001 | 2 983 832 | 759 145 | 715 797 | 751 442 | 758 642 | 737 433 |
Final demand from general government | 1 049 412 | 1 061 577 | 263 000 | 261 849 | 266 922 | 269 702 | 264 572 |
Total exports | 1 356 582 | 1 350 429 | 347 832 | 323 160 | 335 401 | 342 776 | 332 909 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 429 387 | 419 917 | 105 900 | 97 678 | 105 673 | 108 989 | 111 230 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | 544 745 | 599 843 | 145 396 | 148 783 | 150 536 | 152 136 | 140 602 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 12 195 | 8 143 | 3 264 | 1 651 | 2 128 | 1 101 | 1 098 |
¬ Services (export) | 370 256 | 322 526 | 93 272 | 75 048 | 77 065 | 80 550 | 79 978 |
Total use of goods and services | 4 783 697 | 4 613 855 | 1 187 852 | 1 096 766 | 1 157 032 | 1 165 500 | 1 144 925 |
Total imports | 1 199 522 | 1 057 130 | 290 390 | 240 395 | 263 690 | 264 644 | 249 675 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 718 462 | 699 651 | 172 622 | 159 833 | 180 428 | 183 903 | 173 873 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 25 396 | 22 547 | 7 229 | 5 126 | 4 844 | 5 629 | 5 765 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | 33 015 | 30 180 | 9 161 | 8 232 | 7 893 | 4 894 | 4 808 |
¬ Services (import) | 422 650 | 304 752 | 101 379 | 67 204 | 70 526 | 70 218 | 65 230 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 3 584 175 | 3 556 725 | 897 462 | 856 370 | 893 341 | 900 856 | 895 250 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 3 003 219 | 2 929 236 | 742 312 | 698 893 | 732 969 | 747 674 | 739 851 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | 580 956 | 627 489 | 155 150 | 157 477 | 160 372 | 153 182 | 155 398 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2 605 506 | 2 539 976 | 645 870 | 606 153 | 634 321 | 647 160 | 642 926 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 1 949 758 | 1 889 434 | 482 797 | 449 752 | 470 200 | 480 255 | 477 604 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 224 468 | 218 702 | 56 411 | 52 868 | 54 209 | 56 139 | 56 773 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 358 099 | 359 632 | 89 217 | 87 626 | 89 897 | 91 440 | 92 101 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 1 367 192 | 1 311 100 | 337 169 | 309 257 | 326 094 | 332 677 | 328 730 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 655 748 | 650 541 | 163 073 | 156 401 | 164 121 | 166 905 | 165 322 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 397 713 | 389 260 | 96 441 | 92 740 | 98 648 | 100 514 | 96 925 |
Table 9
Final expenditure and gross domestic product. Quarter and year. Seasonally adjusted figures. Percentage change in volume from the previous period.
2019 | 2020 | 1st quarter 2020 | 2nd quarter 2020 | 3rd quarter 2020 | 4th quarter 2020 | 1st quarter 2021 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1Figures from 2019 onwards are prelimanry | |||||||
2Gross domestic product is measured at market prices, while value added by industry is measured at basic prices. | |||||||
3Includes oil and gas extraction, transport via pipelines and ocean transport. | |||||||
Final consumption expenditure of households and NPISHs | 1.4 | -6.9 | -3.9 | -10.1 | 9.2 | 0.1 | -4.1 |
¬ Household final consumption expenditure | 1.3 | -6.7 | -3.9 | -9.7 | 9.3 | 0.1 | -3.9 |
¬¬ Goods | 0.0 | 5.6 | -2.0 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 1.1 | -3.4 |
¬¬ Services | 2.8 | -10.2 | -4.7 | -16.7 | 12.3 | 0.8 | -5.0 |
¬¬ Direct purchases abroad by resident households | 0.9 | -77.6 | -15.5 | -97.3 | 462.0 | -45.6 | -24.4 |
¬¬ Direct purchases by non-residents | 4.2 | -67.8 | -16.5 | -86.8 | 98.0 | 45.0 | -29.9 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs | 3.0 | -11.8 | -3.6 | -17.9 | 7.7 | 1.1 | -7.4 |
Final consumption expenditure of general governmen | 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.2 | -2.2 | 3.1 | 2.4 | -1.5 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of central government | 1.9 | 3.0 | 1.7 | -2.3 | 3.2 | 1.7 | -1.7 |
¬¬¬ Central government, civilian | 1.6 | 2.9 | 1.9 | -2.7 | 3.5 | 1.7 | -2.1 |
¬¬¬ Central government, defence | 3.8 | 3.4 | -0.3 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
¬ Final consumption expenditure of local government | 1.9 | 0.5 | -1.1 | -2.1 | 2.9 | 3.1 | -1.4 |
Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) | 4.8 | -3.8 | -3.7 | -2.1 | -1.0 | 1.3 | -1.7 |
¬ Extraction and transport via pipelines (GFCF) | 12.6 | -4.1 | -5.7 | -4.5 | -4.1 | 3.4 | -3.6 |
¬ Ocean transport (GFCF) | -68.2 | 77.3 | 101.5 | -90.2 | 651.2 | -5.3 | 42.3 |
¬ Mainland Norway (GFCF) | 4.0 | -4.1 | -3.7 | -0.6 | -1.0 | 0.9 | -1.6 |
¬¬ Industries (GFCF) | 5.6 | -6.1 | -3.9 | -6.0 | 0.3 | 2.5 | -0.7 |
¬¬¬ Services activities incidential to extraction (GFCF) | 38.7 | -33.3 | -20.7 | -7.3 | -13.2 | -30.5 | 16.1 |
¬¬¬ Other services (GFCF) | 3.5 | -5.1 | -1.6 | -8.4 | 2.4 | 6.6 | -4.3 |
¬¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GFCF) | 24.4 | -11.1 | -9.4 | -7.8 | 1.8 | -3.8 | 4.8 |
¬¬¬ Production of other goods (GFCF) | -0.6 | -3.8 | -5.2 | 1.5 | -5.1 | -2.6 | 5.2 |
¬¬ Dwelling service (households) (GFCF) | -1.7 | -4.0 | -2.1 | 0.3 | -1.2 | 4.6 | -1.0 |
¬¬ General government (GFCF) | 7.2 | -1.0 | -4.6 | 6.9 | -2.4 | -4.5 | -3.6 |
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables | 5.8 | -60.1 | -9.2 | -86.2 | 221.6 | -54.7 | -47.5 |
Changes in stocks and statistical discrepancies | -0.5 | -24.8 | 19.3 | -54.3 | 78.9 | -25.3 | 52.5 |
Gross capital formation | 4.1 | -6.8 | -1.0 | -9.5 | 4.7 | -1.9 | 3.3 |
Final domestic use of goods and services | 2.3 | -4.8 | -2.0 | -7.9 | 6.2 | 0.1 | -1.3 |
Final demand from Mainland Norway (excl. changes in stocks) | 2.1 | -3.9 | -2.7 | -5.7 | 5.0 | 1.0 | -2.8 |
Final demand from general government | 2.9 | 1.2 | -0.7 | -0.4 | 1.9 | 1.0 | -1.9 |
Total exports | 0.5 | -0.5 | -1.3 | -7.1 | 3.8 | 2.2 | -2.9 |
¬ Traditional goods (export) | 4.6 | -2.2 | -2.3 | -7.8 | 8.2 | 3.1 | 2.1 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (export) | -4.3 | 10.1 | -2.0 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | -7.6 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (export) | 1.4 | -33.2 | 62.5 | -49.4 | 28.9 | -48.3 | -0.2 |
¬ Services (export) | 3.5 | -12.9 | -0.3 | -19.5 | 2.7 | 4.5 | -0.7 |
Total use of goods and services | 1.8 | -3.6 | -1.8 | -7.7 | 5.5 | 0.7 | -1.8 |
Total imports | 4.7 | -11.9 | -2.8 | -17.2 | 9.7 | 0.4 | -5.7 |
¬ Tradisjonelle varer (import) | 5.7 | -2.6 | -2.4 | -7.4 | 12.9 | 1.9 | -5.5 |
¬ Crude oil and natural gas (import) | 5.0 | -11.2 | -1.1 | -29.1 | -5.5 | 16.2 | 2.4 |
¬ Ships, oil platforms and aircraft (import) | -12.9 | -8.6 | 39.4 | -10.1 | -4.1 | -38.0 | -1.8 |
¬ Services (import) | 4.7 | -27.9 | -6.1 | -33.7 | 4.9 | -0.4 | -7.1 |
Gross domestic product, market values2 | 0.9 | -0.8 | -1.5 | -4.6 | 4.3 | 0.8 | -0.6 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, market values2 | 2.3 | -2.5 | -2.0 | -5.8 | 4.9 | 2.0 | -1.0 |
Petroleum activities and ocean transport3 | -6.1 | 8.0 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 | -4.5 | 1.4 |
Gross domestic product Mainland Norway, basic values | 2.5 | -2.5 | -1.8 | -6.1 | 4.6 | 2.0 | -0.7 |
¬ Mainland Norway excluding general government (GDP) | 2.6 | -3.1 | -2.0 | -6.8 | 4.5 | 2.1 | -0.6 |
¬¬ Manufacturing and mining (GDP) | 2.7 | -2.6 | -1.3 | -6.3 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 1.1 |
¬¬ Production of other goods (GDP) | 1.5 | 0.4 | -0.7 | -1.8 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 0.7 |
¬¬ Service activities (GDP) | 2.8 | -4.1 | -2.4 | -8.3 | 5.4 | 2.0 | -1.2 |
¬ General government (GDP) | 2.2 | -0.8 | -1.4 | -4.1 | 4.9 | 1.7 | -0.9 |
Taxes and subsidies products | 1.4 | -2.1 | -3.3 | -3.8 | 6.4 | 1.9 | -3.6 |
About the statistics
The national accounts provide an overview of the state and development in the Norwegian economy. Key figures are gross domestic product (GDP), consumption, gross investment, exports and imports, employment and wages, profitability in industries and productivity. 1st to 3rd quarter is published with monthly national accounts in May, August and November. 4th quarter will be published February the following year.
Definitions
-
See Concepts and definitions in national accounts for explanations.
Valuation
Registration of values: A transaction may be registered at different values, depending on under which circumstances it is registered. Different concepts regarding valuation are also relevant for the general aspect of registration (cf. cash values or accruals values, and other principles for the recording of statistical data). The transactions of variables in the national accounts follow the accrual principle. Thus, taxes and subsidies on production should be registered as accrued values and not as cash values as recorded in the government accounts.
In the description of the transaction of goods and services several price concepts are used. Output is valued at basic prices. Basic price is the price the seller receives, after corresponding taxes on the product are deducted (and subsidies added). The use categories, both intermediate consumption and final use, are valued at purchaser prices, that is the price the purchaser must pay. Exports are valued at fob (free on board), while imports are valued at cif (cost-insurance-freight).
The value added of an industry is "valued" at basic prices (calculated as output at basic prices less intermediate consumption at purchaser prices). The total value added of all the industries is also "valued" at basic prices.
GDP is "valued" at market prices, which means that taxes on products, including VAT, less subsidies on products are added to the total value added of the industries at basic prices.
-
The accounting system of the Norwegian national accounts is based on the international standards for national accounts, i.e. 2008 SNA and ESA 2010. The accounting system outlines the framework and contents for production of national accounts statistics. The level of detail in the classifications used for compilation of quarterly and preliminary annual national accounts are more aggregated than in that used for calculation of the annual national accounts.
In addition to accounting structure, the international standards give recommendations of groupings or classifications to be used in the national accounts:
Activity classification
The classification of Industries in the National Accounts follows the Norwegian Standard Industrial Classification (SN2007), which is based on NACE Rev.2. Several levels of aggregation have been introduced for publication and reporting purposes.
Classification of non-financial assets and gross fixed capital formation
Non-financial assets are classified by type of aggregates defined in 2008 SNA, such as fixed assets, inventories, valuables, and non-produced assets, including both tangible assets such as land, subsoil-assets, water resources etc., and intangible assets such as transferable contracts etc. Gross fixed capital formation is grouped by main type within building and construction, machinery and equipment and transportation equipment.
Product classification
The product classification used in the national accounts is based on the EU's standard product classification CPA - Statistical Classification of Products by Activity in the European Community. The CPA groups products by activities, i.e. it defines characteristic products within each activity and connects them to the activity classification NACE Rev.2. The annual accounts supply and use tables contain about 700 products, in addition to which some products are also incorporated purely for technical reasons. The system to elaborate preliminary annual and quarterly accounts contains about 90 products. The separation on products might to large extent be considered as a tool to balance the national account system and to undertake calculations in constants prices.
Classification of individual consumption by purpose
The classification of Consumption expenditure groups in the National Accounts is based on the international classification COICOP - Classification of Individual Consumption by Purpose, published by the UN.
Classification of the functions of government
The classification of the functions of government by purpose applies to all types of general government expenses, such as government final consumption expenditure, gross fixed capital formation, subsidies, property rents (i.e. expenses), capital transfers and other transfers for use in government financial accounts and in the national accounts. This classification is based on the international classification COFOG - Classification of the Functions of Government, published by the UN.
Classification of the purpose of non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH)
This is a minor purpose classification which applies to expenses of NPISHs. It is based on the international classification COPNI - Classification of the Purposes of the Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households, published by the UN.
Administrative information
-
Name: National accounts
Topic: National accounts and business cycles
-
Division for National Accounts
-
National level.
-
The monthly national accounts (MNA) are published about 40 days after the end of the given month.
The quarterly national accounts (QNA) are published about 40 days after the end of the given quarter. Quarterly figures are calculated as the sum of three months (from monthly national accounts).
The first estimates of the preliminary year is published about 40 days after the end of the year.
-
Published figures are reported to Eurostat, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
-
Not relevant
Background
-
The national accounts (NA) statistics are designed to provide a consistent and comprehensive survey of the overall national economy. The national accounts give both a summarised description of the economy as a whole and a detailed description of transactions between different parts of the Norwegian economy, and between Norway and the rest of the world. The national accounts also provide information on capital stocks and employment.
The first Norwegian national accounts based on modern principles were published by Statistics Norway in 1952. Annual series national accounts were calculated back to 1865 during the 1950th.
Final annual national accounts figures are based on all available final economic statistics and therefore take time to produce. The purpose of the quarterly national accounts is to provide updated information about short-term developments in the Norwegian economy based on an overall, consistent accounting system. Statistics Norway has produced and released quarterly national accounts (QNA) on a regular basis from 1953 but were not published at fixed intervals from the 1970s to the beginning of the 1980s. A new model for a QNA system was developed at the beginning of the 1980s and has been used since 1985, with some modifications.
National accounts are used as a tool to compare the economic situation in different countries, and therefore it is important that the national accounts in various countries are based on a common template. Staff involved in elaborating national accounts in Statistics Norway participated actively in developing international recommendations and concepts regarding national accounts. The first international standard for national accounts, 1953 System of National Accounts (1953 SNA), was published by UN in 1953.
From time to time adaptations or changes are made to the common international recommendations for national accounts. This requires corresponding changes in the construction of the Norwegian national accounts. At different time intervals, new source statistics are produced and indicate that parts of the national accounts figures need to be revised. Since one objective of the national accounts is to provide a picture of the development over time which is as correct as possible, it is not possible to introduce such changes from one year to another. With different time intervals, it will therefore be necessary to carry out major revisions of the national accounts figures, so-called main revisions, in order to introduce adaptations due to new international recommendations or introduce new levels based on new statistical sources. As part of these main revisions the time series are also revised so that the revised national accounts can give a consistent picture of the economic development over time.
In recent decades, Statistics Norway has carried out main revisions published in 1995, 2002, 2006, 2011 and 2014. The main purpose of main revision published in November 2014, was to incorporate updated international recommendations in 2008 SNA and ESA 2010. Changes due to this main revision are described, among else, in the article Main revision 2014. Planned changes in the national accounts statistics. See About the statistics for the annual national accounts for more information about main revisions. The publication History of national accounts in Norway. From free research to statistics regulated by law also provides more information about the history of national accounts in Norway, including main revisions. In the future main revisions of the national accounts normally will be carried out every five years.
Since the QNA are completely harmonised with the annual national accounts, it is also necessary to revise the QNA figures once the annual national accounts figures have been revised.
-
The quarterly figures are mostly used for observation and analysis of the current economic cycle. The QNA figures also serve as a basis for making forecasts of the future economic development, the government’s work with the national budget and other economic planning. In addition, the QNA contribute with material for research and development. Annual and quarterly national accounts are a useful tool for analyses of the economic development and structures in Norway. The national accounts are also used to compare the economy in different countries.
The annual and quarterly national accounts therefore have a wide group of users, from school pupils and students to public and private institutions that actively use the statistics in their analyses and investigation of economic structure and development. Active users include the Research Department in Statistics Norway, the Ministry of Finance, Norges Bank, international organisations such as the IMF, the OECD, the World Bank, the UN and Eurostat, resident and non-resident financial sector analysts, and the media.
-
No external users have access to the statistics and analyses before they are published and accessible simultaneously for all users on ssb.no at 08.00 am. Prior to this, a minimum of three months' advance notice is given in the Statistics Release Calendar. This is one of Statistics Norway’s key principles for ensuring that all users are treated equally.
-
The monthly figures are the basis for quarterly figures, quarterly figures are calculated as the sum of three months. Quarterly figures will be updated when publishing the third month in the quarter. This means that there may be deviations between the monthly and quarterly figures in the two months before the new quarter is calculated. The deviations will mainly apply to seasonally adjusted figures. In addition, the monthly publication includes a table showing rolling numbers for three and three months. The three-month growth is calculated by comparing a three-month period with the previous three-month period. For example, the volume change in the rolling table for July is given by comparing the period May-July with February-April. Figures for March, June, September and December will correspond to growth for a quarter.
All historical figures are consistent with both preliminary and final annual national accounts figures in fixed and current pricesThe Norwegian Balance of Payments (BOP) is an integrated part of the Norwegian system of national accounts, and the BOP figures are fully consistent with other preliminary and final quarterly and annual national accounts figures. Furthermore, quarterly and annual national accounts figures are fully consistent and compatible with the institutional sector accounts. The regional national accounts, and various satellite accounts (environment, tourism, health,non-profit institutions) are consistent with the above mentioned national accounts statistics. Previous published figures from the regional accounts and various satellite accounts are, however, not revised as a part of main revision of the national accounts, so figures for previous years may not necessarily be compatible with updated NA time series.
As mentioned in the chapter "Production: Data sources and sampling", the national accounts are based on various statistical sources. The source statistics may not use the same definitions or groupings as used in the national accounts. As a result, figures in the source statistics may be adapted or corrected before being used in the national accounts. Published figures in the source statistics of certain industries may therefore not correspond to published figures in the national accounts.
-
Not relevant
-
- Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 (ESA 2010).
- The European Parliament and of the council of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Union (text with EEA relevance).
Production
-
The coverage of the national accounts is defined by international guidelines in the 2008 System of National Accounts (2008 SNA), published by the UN, the OECD, the IMF, the World Bank, and the Commission of the European Communities, and the European System of National and Regional Accounts (ESA 2010).
The total national economy, and the distinction between the national economy and foreign countries, is defined in terms of resident units. A unit is defined as a resident unit of the country when it has a centre of economic interest in the economic territory of the country - i.e. when it is involved in economic activities on this territory for an extended period of time (one year or more).
Two basic types of information are recorded in the national accounts: flows and stocks. Flows refer to actions and effects of events that take place within a given period of time, for example the output of an industry in one year. Stocks refer to positions at a certain point of time, for example the value of capital stock or the number of employed persons.
The national accounts consist of two main sets of tables; supply and use tables (SUT), also described as the real accounts, and the institutional sector accounts. The real accounts are based on local kind-of-activity units (KAUs), while the institutional sector accounts are based on institutional units. Institutional units are economic entities that are capable of owning goods and assets, of incurring liabilities and of engaging in economic activities and transactions with other units in their own right. An institutional unit contains one or more local kind-of-activity units (local KAUs). The local KAUs are classified by type of activity. An activity is characterised by an input of products, a production process and an output of products. All local KAUs engaged in the same or similar kind-of-activity constitute an industry.
The SUT at current and constant prices gives a structured overview of the supply (output and import) and use (final consumption, gross fixed capital formation, changes in inventories, export and intermediate consumption) of products (goods and services) in the economy. For each industry the value added is calculated as the difference between output and intermediate consumption. The value added in an industry can also be decomposed into compensation of employees, consumption of fixed capital, other taxes on production (net of subsidies) and operating surplus. The real accounts also give information on fixed assets, as well as wages, hours worked, full-time equivalent persons and employed persons by industry. Monthly national accounts does not include figures for employment etc..
Furthermore, the real accounts provide the basis for the calculation of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and other central macroeconomic measures. The annual growth in volume and price are calculated for most variables.
The non-financial sector accounts are based on institutional units. Institutional units are capable of providing a full set of accounts. The non-financial sector accounts describe all economic transactions in the various sectors. The accounts also provide information on the stocks financial and non-financial capital. Financial sector accounts are also based on institutional units. The institutional units are grouped in institutional sectors on the basis of their principal economic functions, behavior and objectives. The non-financial sector accounts are consistent with the real accounts. The further description of the national accounts covers the part of the national accounts that is based on the annual SUT (the real accounts).
The coverage of the preliminary annual and quarterly real accounts is the same as the final annual SUT
The accounting structure in the system that produces monthly, quarterly and preliminary annual figures (MNA) is, however, more aggregated than in the system that produces the final annual SUT. While the SUT in the annual accounts consists of about 130 industry groups and 700 product groups, the SUT in the MNA consists of about 80 industry groups and 120 product groups. The MNA and QNA system produces tables with seasonal adjusted figures for industries' value added, household consumption for aggregated consumption groups and for central macroeconomic measures. However, only tables for final expenditure and gross domestic product are published on a monthly basis, while the QNA contain more details.
-
The calculations of the annual real accounts are based on statistics from several different sources, such as the structural business statistics for manufacturing and other industries, accounting statistics for general government and enterprises, statistics for wages and earnings, external trade statistics, household consumer surveys and employment statistics. Some parts of the national accounts are compiled more or less directly from the source statistics, while other parts are based on calculations and estimates.
Monthly information is used for compiling monthly national accounts, such as the production index of industrial production, the index for retail sales, consumer price index, building statistics, producer price indices and much more. For some service industries where we lack explicit production indicators, monthly information about jobs, working days and absence is obtained from the A-ordning. For investments where we only have quarterly information, such as oil investments, quarterly figures are conventionally distributed by month. In the months before we get the so-called oil census, the development is used in the planned investment figures reported together with those performed for a quarter. In connection with the work on the QNA, quarterly information is incorporated and an update of the previous months is made. Quarterly national accounts will appear as the sum of the three months in the quarter.
The source statistics used to calculate national accounts are with a few exceptions produced by Statistics Norway.
Having the reporting responsibility to Eurostat, the Division for National Accounts occasionally documents the calculations for the final annual national accounts, see Norwegian National Accounts - GNI Inventory for ESA95.
In addition, there are a number of reports giving more detailed documentation of calculation of figures for various specific industry groups or other parts of the national accounts (mostly in Norwegian only).
The documentation report for the Quarterly national accounts gives an overview of central sources and methods used for quarterly accounts compilation. This will be updated in the autumn of 2018 to include monthly national accounts.
-
Compilation of the final annual real accounts
The annual national accounts are mainly based on statistics collected by other divisions in Statistics Norway. To some extent data produced by external suppliers are also used.
The process of compiling the final annual national accounts starts with the calculation of independent supply and use estimates for all goods and services at current prices. To some extent, source data are extracted directly from the databases and converted into national accounts codes and format. Other parts of the economy are based on more complex calculations, by means of different statistical sources and/or assessments.
The source data are critically evaluated and compared with alternative sources (for some parts of the economy). In some areas, the statistics have to be adjusted in order to satisfy the requirements of the national accounts. In areas where the statistics are incomplete, evaluations are essential. In the process of estimating national accounts data, estimated national accounts figures are critically evaluated and controlled in several steps.
Finally, supply and use for each of these goods and services are balanced using supplementary information and quality assessments of the various statistical sources. This results in integrated supply and use tables at current prices.
The figure below gives an outline of the calculation system for final annual national accounts figures. First, detailed figures are calculated and balanced in current prices. Then the system calculates figures in constant prices, based on the detailed current price figures and corresponding price indices. The deflation (current values being divided by price indices) takes place at the most detailed product level: A price index is allocated to each detailed product. The individual products are as price homogeneous as possible. Constant price figures in the annual national accounts are calculated using the price level of the previous year, which means that the base year is changed every
year.The deflation approach has in fact two dimensions, (i) differentiated by main categories of supply and use (deflating output, imports, exports and implicitly for domestic use), and (ii) differentiated through valuation (deflating current values at basic prices by price indices and implicitly determining the other value components, including adjustments against values at purchaser prices). The method used to calculate constant figures is called double deflation, i.e. a separate deflation of output and intermediate consumption is carried out in order to arrive at value added at constant prices as a balancing item, based on a detailed input-output framework (supply and use tables).
Figure 1. The calculation system for final annual NA figures (Click)
For a more detailed documentation, see Norwegian National Accounts - GNI Inventory for ESA95.
Compilation of the MNA and QNA
The majority of the short-term statistics produced by Statistics Norway are transferred to the MNA system by use of a direct link to the relevant databases. The information in the data sources about growth is used more or less directly in the MNA system. Some other input data series in the MNA system, however, are based more or less on calculations and estimations, using various types of information from Statistics Norway and other sources. Quarterly figures are calculated as the sum of three months
The national accounts data for a specific month, quarter or year are revised in accordance with an ordinary publication and revision cycle. The quarterly figures within a specific year t become final 21 months later after the end of the year t. In addition, periodical main revisions generate revised figures.
In the process of calculating MNA or QNA figures for a specific month or quarter, the short-term statistics source data are critically evaluated and compared with alternative sources (for some parts of the economy). In some cases, the information in the source statistics must be adjusted in order to satisfy the requirements of the quarterly national accounts. In the process to estimate MNA data estimated MNA figures are critically evaluated and controlled in many steps.
Monthly process
The figure below gives an overview of the Norwegian MNA and QNA estimation process. The figure shows that the MNA system is based on two main pillars: a) The SUT for the (final) annual national accounts and b) short-term statistics.
Figure 2. The computing system in the Norwegian MNA/QNA
The main principle in the MNA system is that the national accounts figures for the current quarter are computed based on the development of short-term indicators and the current-price figures from the base year. The base year (t-2) is the latest calculated final version of the annual national accounts. The method is the same for most common variables: The value in the base year is given the same growth rate (percentage change) as in the appropriate indicator, or a grouping of different relevant indicators.
A simple projection method, based on the development in previous periods, is used if an indicator does not cover the whole period from the base year to the current quarter.
The indicator compilations are made in the indicator process (box 2 in the figure).
However, the indicator process alone does not give a complete harmonised account at current and constant prices. To calculate values for variables that are not calculated in the indicator compilations, and to harmonise the accounts, we use an input-output model (box 3 in the figure).
The input-output model includes a commodity-flow balance, a price input-output system and a set of equations for summaries and definitions. It now comprises over 12 000 equations in total. The input-output coefficients are calculated from the SUT in the base year. The variables calculated in the indicator compilations are transferred to the input-output model as exogenous variables. To calculate balanced accounts at current prices we need price indices on all supply and use categories. These are computed in the model by weighting together product price indices with the input-output coefficients as weights. Each product gets three different price indices, one for resident output delivered to the home market (to resident users), a second for import and a third for export.
The price index for an industry’s total output is then calculated as a weighted average of the price indices for the home and export market using the input-output coefficients as weights. The price indices of intermediate consumption, final consumption expenditure and gross fixed capital formation are calculated in a similar way, using the import and home market price indices and the input-output coefficients.
The model also calculates variables which are not covered by short-term statistics or other information and therefore not calculated in the indicator process. These calculations are based on simple assumptions. For instance, intermediate consumption for most industries at constant prices (the total except FISIM) is assumed to be a fixed proportion of total output for the relevant industry. The distribution of intermediate consumption (except FISIM) on different products at constant prices is also assumed to be the same as in the base year. The industries’ use of FISIM as intermediate consumption is supposed to equal the growth in total output of FISIM services. Output in the retail and wholesale trade activities in constant prices is assumed to follow the development of the use of the various goods in constant prices, such as household consumption, intermediate consumption and gross fixed capital formation of the various specific goods (that means supposed fixed margins).
Changes in stock of separate products are (for most products) calculated as the difference between the total supply and use of the product. As in the annual NA, the changes in stock may be adjusted if that seems reasonable after an evaluation of the figures.
The results are stored in the time series database (box 4 in the figure), which, among other things, provides the basis for different sets of tables (box 6). At the moment there are two different sets of tables (with seasonal unadjusted figures), sets for internal checks and analyses of data and more aggregated sets of data for publishing.
Process 1-4 describes how the quarterly seasonally unadjusted figures are estimated. The unadjusted figures are seasonally adjusted (box 5) using a seasonal adjustment program.
The method adopted to compile the MNA is highly mechanical. This applies to the update of variables in the national accounts based on short-term statistics as well as the balancing of commodities, the computation of indirect taxes and factor incomes and the overall balancing of the GDP and main aggregates. Technically, the data systems are programmed in FAME and TROLL (the latter is used for the input-output model only).
Checks and/or the evaluation of data are, however, performed in several steps. The MNA system offers a unique opportunity to compare different types of input data. The evaluation of the different sources is done in close contact with the relevant statistics divisions in Statistics Norway. A more thorough evaluation is being done when processing and publishing quarterly figures, while the monthly process is more automated and less profound. Therefore, only final expenditure and gross domestic product are published on a monthly basis while the quarterly accounts offer more details.
Quarterly figures are calculated as the total of three months at quarterly releases. Quarterly figures will be updated only when publishing the third month in the quarter. This means that there may be a mismatch between the monthly and quarterly figures in the interim months. This applies mainly to seasonally adjusted numbers. That is, when you get a new observation (new month), it will normally affect the seasonally adjusted figures back in time. We do not update the QNA numbers that have also been sent to international organizations before the next quarters release. At the same time, we show figures for three-month growth. This is calculated by comparing a three-month period with the previous three-month period. For example, the volume change in July is given by comparing the period May-July with February-April. Figures for March, June, September and December will correspond to growth for a quarter. This means that users may get a continuous update of the quarterly figures by looking at the monthly publication.Annual process and alignment
The MNA system is updated with a new base year every year (i.e. the latest final version of the annual accounts). The database for the annual accounts (box 1a), as well as the base data and coefficients in the harmonisation model (box 3) are updated. At the same time, it is possible to implement new indicators, carry out changes in the input series and in the model, etc. Such changes are not carried out in an ordinary monthly or quarterly process.
The recalculation of the monthly accounts is carried out by distributing the annual figures between the months using the original monthly figures as keys. The recalculated monthly accounts will then add up to the annual accounts at constant and current prices.
The harmonisation is based on the principle that the differences between the monthly changes to the original and harmonised series shall be as small as possible. The monthly accounts should add up to the figures in the annual accounts.
When the base year is updated the MNA for that year is aligned automatically.
Reference year
All figures are published at current prices and (for most sizes) constant prices (i.e. the accounts also specify volume and price changes). Constant-price estimates in the national accounts are calculated based on the previous year's prices; i.e. the base year is changed every year. Subsequently, data on volume changes are constructed in terms of growth rates and corresponding implicit data on changes in prices. In parallel, time series of volume figures are constructed by using prices from a reference year. The constant-price estimates are consistent with the data on changes in volume in the series of growth rates. Since the chaining is carried out separately for all items, the table components do not, however, necessarily add up to the totals of the same table.
The publication Quarterly national accounts gives more information about sources, methods and the processes used to calculate quaterly NA figures. This will be updated in the autumn of 2018 to include monthly national accounts.
-
The methods and routines used to produce seasonally adjusted figures are described in the chapter About seasonal adjustment.
-
§ 2-6 of the Statistics Act states that data under no circumstances shall be published in such a way that they may be traced back to the supplier. This means that the general rule is not to publish data if there are fewer than three enterprises in an industry. In practice, this means that for some detailed industry categories, figures must be aggregated up to a more aggregated industry group before they can be published.
-
Consistent monthly time series will exist back to 2016. Consistent quarterly time series will exist back to 1978 and annual time series back to 1970. Annual NA figures for the years 1865-1970 are based on the previous standards used for the national accounts and are not compatible with the up to date figures after the latest main revision of the NA.
Quarterly figures are calculated as the sum of three months. Quarterly figures will be updated only when publishing the third month in the quarter. This means that there may be mismatch between the monthly and quarterly figures in the interim months, see the description of the monthly process above.
Monthly figures, and thus quarterly figures, are aligned with the final annual national accounts figures, both in fixed and current prices. The other parts of the national accounts, such as income and capital accounts, and foreign accounts are also consistent and consistent with MNA.
Accuracy and reliability
-
The national accounts are based on various statistical sources. The sources are either survey data from establishments, enterprises or households, or data from registers. National accounts statistics reflect the inaccuracy in the statistical sources and the methods of compilation. Weaknesses and inaccuracy in the statistical sources are normally described in the documentation of the relevant sources.
Since the national accounts are an integrated system with balancing methods and consistency checks, the national accounts may reduce some of the inaccuracies in the statistical sources. On the other hand, national accounts require the compilation of statistics in areas where the sources are unsatisfactory, and the inaccuracy in such areas may therefore be significant. Some of the figures in the national accounts are estimated as residuals, and the uncertainty may be substantial in these areas. Examples are the compilation of changes in inventories and operating surplus by activity.
The EU Commission and Eurostat have completed a quality evaluation of the national accounts in all EEA countries. The conclusion was that "The Norwegian national accounts are of a high quality, soundly based on reliable and exhaustive sources, integrated in a system with a detailed product breakdown". (Report on the sources and methods used in compiling GNP in Norway, Eurostat/B1/CPNB/237/EN, 9 December 1997, Luxembourg.)
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed an evaluation of central parts of Norwegian macroeconomic statistics in autumn 2002, including the Norwegian national accounts. In the report IMF (2003), the Norwegian macroeconomic statistics, including the national accounts, got positive reviews: "In summary, Norway's macroeconomic statistics are of generally high quality." About the national accounts, the IMF also expressed that: "The source data for both the annual and the quarterly national accounts are generally sound and timely, and sufficiently portray reality."
The production of several of the sources that are used in the national accounts takes a considerable amount of time. Consequently, preliminary figures are more inaccurate than final figures.
In 2003, Statistics Norway carried out a project to evaluate the quality of the Norwegian QNA. The task of the project was to describe and evaluate the different processes in the system, and set up a plan for further work to improve quality. A project report was released in April 2004 (in Norwegian only). The report lists a variety of measures to increase quality, such as changes in the organisation of the QNA process, technical changes in the data system, an increase and improvement of the documentation related to the QNA system etc.
Another way of measuring the general quality of the QNA figures is to compare the preliminary annual figures from the first version of the annual accounts (by adding up the quarters in the QNA) with the final version. This was done in 2004. The article (in Norwegian only) looks at the growth rates of the main aggregates: GDP, GDP for mainland Norway, household consumption, government consumption, gross fixed capital formation, exports, imports and compensation of employees. For most variables, the study covers the years 1972-2002, while for some variables it covers the years 1993-2002. The study concludes that the preliminary figures generally had underestimated the growth rate in relation to the final figures, but that the overall picture did not differ too much.
-
The national accounts data for a specific month, quarter or year are revised in accordance with an ordinary publication and revision cycle. The monthly and quarterly figures within a specific year t have the status final 21 months after the end of the year. See Administrative information, Frequency and timeliness. In addition, periodical main revisions give revised figures. See Background and purpose. The table below shows the publication cycle for yearly and quarterly national accounts figures. In addition to what is stated in the table, monthly data will be published about 40 days after the end of the month. In May, year t (which coincides with the QNR for the first quarter), all months, also in year t-1, can be revised. After May year t, only the monthly figures for the current year are subject to revision.
Publication cycle for quarterly and yearly national accounts figures
Release date in:
1st quarter year t
2nd quarter year t
3rd quarter year t
4th quarter year t
May, year t
First preliminary version
Revised 3 for year t-1
Revised 2 for year t-1
Revised 1 for year t-1
August, year t
Revised 1
Revised 5 for year t-1
Final for year t-2
First preliminary version
Revised 4 for year t-1
Final for year t-2
Revised 3 for year t-1
Final for year t-2
Revised 2 for year t-1
Final for year t-2
November, year t
Revised 2
Revised 1
First preliminary version
Revised 3 for year t-1
February, year t
Revised 3 for year t-1
Revised 2 for year t-1
Revised 1
First preliminary version for year t-1
Relevant documentation
- Goods sent abroad for processing and merchanting in the Norwegian national accounts. Notater (2015/02)
- Process tables in the Norwegian national accounts. Notater (2015/03)
- Improved treatment of insurance in the Norwegian national accounts. Notater (2015/04)
- Changes in inventories in the Norwegian National Accounts - Accounting data as a source for changes in inventories. Notater (2017/13)
- Quarterly national accounts - methods and sources of the quarterly national accounts compilations for Norway December 2013. Notater (2014/02)
- Planned changes in the national accounts statistics
- Revised national accounts figures 1970-2010
- History of national accounts in Norway - from free research to statistics regulated by law. Notater (113)
- Norwegian National Accounts - GNI Inventory for ESA95
- Norwegian methodology for supply and use tables and input-output tables. Notater (2009/8)
About seasonal adjustment
-
What is seasonal adjustment?
Monthly and quarterly time series are often characterised by considerable seasonal variations, which might complicate inter-period comparability. Such time series are therefore subjected to a process of seasonal adjustment in order to remove the effects of seasonal fluctuations. Once data have been adjusted for seasonal effects by X-12-ARIMA or some other seasonal adjustment tool, a clearer picture of the time series emerge.
For more information on seasonal adjustment, please refer to Statistics Norway’s: metadata on methods: seasonal adjustment .
-
Because of climatic conditions, public holidays and holidays in July and December, the intensity of the production varies throughout the year. The same applies to household consumption and other parts of the economy.
This makes a direct comparison of two consecutive months or quarters difficult. In order to adjust for these conditions, the quarterly national accounts are seasonally adjusted which makes it possible to conduct an analysis of the underlying change in economic activity between periods.
It is important to mention some factors of the seasonally adjustment of the MNA which has to be given specific attention compared to other short time economic indicators:
· The series for the main aggregates in the MNA is a result of aggregation of many components. Statistics Norway has chosen that consistency between the components and the main aggregates also applies to the seasonally adjusted series to make it easy to identify which series contribute the most to the results.
· Data may be exposed to some revisions each month as well as major revisions when the the preliminary national accounts are reconciled with final national accounts
Background information
· To seasonally adjust the GDP (and all other aggregates) we use an indirect method. This is done in order to be able to explain the contributions to GDP-growth, and consensus is that this is the preferred method for this kind of data. Please see chapter below for more details on the direct vs. indirect approach to seasonal adjustment.
· This method has given us some challenges related to the seasonally adjusted historical series. The reason is that series older than the base year are not additive. When a new base year is established, and the time series are updated, we use identical seasonal adjustment factors as before. This means that changes in seasonally adjusted data are only due to changes in the unadjusted data.
· We use information from the entire period of the time series to estimate seasonal adjustment factors, but we use this information only from the year before the base year to the present.
The method chosen is in accordance with the ESS-Guidelines on seasonal adjustment .
Seasonally adjusted series
Over a thousand series are seasonally adjusted every month. The series are adjusted at a disaggregated level and then summed up to the main aggregates.
The series for gross value added at industry level are adjusted directly, as opposed to being calculated as the difference between production and intermediate consumption.
For final consumption expenditure of households, the series are seasonally adjusted by applying the seasonal factors that are estimated for the index of household consumption of goods (see the documentation for seasonal adjustment of the index of household consumption of goods).
-
Pre-treatment routines/schemes
Pre-treatment is an adjustment for variations caused by calendar effects and outliers.
- We run a pre-treatment of some series/main series.
Calendar adjustment
Calendar adjustment involves adjusting for the effects of working days/trading days and for moving holidays. Working days/trading days adjustments are made for both the number of working days/trading days and for the varying composition of days from one month to another.
- It is performed calendar adjustments on all series showing significant and plausible calendar effects within a statistically robust approach, such as regression or RegARIMA (a regression model with an ARIMA structure for the residuals).
Methods for trading/working day adjustment
- RegARIMA correction – in this case, the effect of trading days is estimated in a RegArima framework. The effect of trading days can be estimated by using a correction for the length of the month or leap year, regressing the series on the number of working days, etc. In this case, the residuals will have an ARIMA structure.
Correction for moving holidays
- We run an automati correction with X-12-ARIMA. The utomatic correction of raw data will be based on Norwegian holidays.
National and EU/euro area calendars
- Use of the Norwegian calendar with X-12-ARIMA.
Treatment of outliers
Outliers, or extreme values, are abnormal values of the series
- Outliers are detected automatically by the seasonal adjustment tool. The outliers are removed before seasonal adjustment is carried out, and then reintroduced into the seasonally adjusted data.
Model selection
Pre-treatment requires choosing an ARIMA model, as well as deciding whether the data should be log-transformed or not.
Decomposition scheme
The decomposition scheme specifies how the various components – basically trend-cycle, seasonal and irregular – combine to form the original series. The most frequently used decomposition schemes are the multiplicative and additive.
- Manual selection of decomposition scheme after graphical inspection of the properties to the specific series.
Comments : Additive decomposition is used for series with (potential) negative values or values equal zero, otherwise multiplicative decomposition is used.
-
Choice of seasonal adjustment approach
- X-12-ARIMA
Consistency between raw and seasonally adjusted data
In some series, consistency between raw and seasonally adjusted series is imposed.
- No constraints are applied.
Consistency between aggregate/definition of seasonally adjusted data
In some series, consistency between seasonally adjusted aggregates and its components is imposed. For some series there is also a special relationship between the different series, e.g. GDP which equals production minus intermediate consumption.
- Definitions and relationships that hold for unadjusted figures also apply for seasonally adjusted figures.
Comments : The supply side equals the use side also for seasonally adjusted figures. This implies that changes in stocks/statistical discrepancies are treated as a residual in the seasonally adjusted figures (balancing item). The series for gross value added are adjusted directly (see chapter 1.3) and are not required to match the difference between seasonally adjusted series for production and intermediate consumption (thus, vertical – not horizontal – consistency is imposed).
Direct versus indirect approach
Direct seasonal adjustment is performed if all time series, including aggregates, are seasonally adjusted on an individual basis. Indirect seasonal adjustment is performed if the seasonally adjusted estimate for a time series is derived by combining the estimates for two or more directly adjusted series.
- Mixed indirect approach is applied
Comments : MNA uses aggregation routines outside X-12-ARIMA.
Horizon for estimating the model and the correction factors
When performing seasonal adjustment of a time series, it is possible to choose the period to be used in estimating the model and the correction factors. Correction factors are the factors used in the pre-treatment and seasonal adjustment of the series.
- The whole time series is used to estimate the model and the correction factors
-
General revision policy
Seasonally adjusted data may change due to a revision of the unadjusted (raw) data or the addition of new data. Such changes are called revisions, and there are several ways to deal with the problem of revisions when publishing the seasonally adjusted statistics.
- Seasonally adjusted numbers are revised in accordance with a well-defined and publicly available revision policy and release calendar.
Concurrent versus current adjustment
- The model, filters, outliers and regression parameters are re-identified and re-estimated as new or revised data become available.
Horizon for published revisions
- The individual series will be revised when seasonal factors are re-estimated. Concerning the main aggregates the period of revisions is limited from the base year to the present.
Comments : This applies as long as the unadjusted figures before the base year remains unchanged. When a new base year is established, and the time series are updated, we use identical seasonal adjustment factors as before. This means that changes in seasonally adjusted data are only due to changes in the unadjusted data.
-
Evaluation of seasonally adjustment data
- Continuous/periodical evaluation using standard measures proposed by different seasonal adjustment tools.
-
All series are sufficiently long to perform a seasonal adjustment.
-
Data availability
- Both unadjusted (raw), seasonally adjusted and sum rolling three months data are available.
Press releases
- In addition to raw data, at least one of the following series is released: pre-treated, seasonally adjusted, seasonally plus working day adjusted trend-cycle series.
- Both levels and growth rates are presented.
- Empirical values are presented to evaluate revisions of data in earlier press releases.
References
Analyses, articles and publications
![Low activity in the Mainland Economy continues in April](/en/nasjonalregnskap-og-konjunkturer/statistikker/knr/_image/376448.png?_encoded=2f66666666666678302f35382f29303831202c303932286b636f6c62656c616373&_ts=1689e89ce90)
Low activity in the Mainland Economy continues in April
Published 9 June 2021GDP in Mainland Norway increased 0.3 per cent in April, adjusted for seasonal variation. The growth follows a downturn lasting all three months of the 1st quarter of 2021
Read this article![Revision of national accounts time series](/en/nasjonalregnskap-og-konjunkturer/statistikker/knr/_image/235851.png?_encoded=2f66666666666678302f35382f29303831202c303932286b636f6c62656c616373&_ts=14f07a359b0)
Revision of national accounts time series
Published 5 June 2019On 29th August this year Statistics Norway will publish revised national accounts time series. Both the level and the growth rates of GDP are only to a minor extent affected by the revisions.
Read this article