Universities and colleges - StatRes (discontinued), 2007

Educational institution

Annual

Not relevant

The microdata used in StatRes (student, accounts and man-year data) are stored in a standardised manner as recommended by the Norwegian Data Inspectorate.

Universities and university colleges are a part of StatRes. The object of StatRes is to present statistics on central government input, to various central government activities, the results of this input in terms of activities and services, and the outcomes of the input. The purpose of such statistics is to give the general public and the authorities improved knowledge of state activities.

The StatRes project was started in 2005 and the first figures were published in October 2007. The development of StatRes takes place in cooperation with the Ministry of Government Administration and Reform, which also is financing parts of the project.

StatRes’ target group are users of statistics with some knowledge of and interest in central government activities who require on information on resource use, activities, services and outcomes of state activities. Such users could be the general public, the media, politicians, pupils and students. StatRes shall also provide the authorities with information which supplements other information used in the governance of central government activities.

Other figures for universities and university colleges are also published, or statistics where universities and university colleges are part of the population. In StatRes, the population is delimited by the central government (state-owned educational institutions). At the same time statistics and indicators are presented in an overall system with the objective of presenting statistics on central government input, to various central government activities, the results of this in put in terms of activities and services, and the outcomes of the input. This way of delimiting, linking, adaptating and presenting data and statistics distinguishes StatRes from other official statistics concerning central government and central government activity.

Student statistics:

Figures on tertiary education (irrespective of school ownership) are presented under Education statistics, universities and colleges. These statistics include students, degrees, credit point production and throughput of students.

Due to lack of information on funding of the different studies, some credit point figures are collected from the DBH (in Norwegian only). These figures are used in the unit costs. The DBH also publishes other figures concerning state-owned and private educational institutions funded by the Ministry of Education and Research. The universities and university colleges are the source of these figures, but as opposed to Statistic Norway’s figures, the DBH statistics are not individual-based.

Input statistics, account figures:

The statistics are based on the international standards for National Accounts: System of National Accounts (the UN a.o.) and European System of Accounts (the EU), plus the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) A Manual on Government Finance Statistics. In certain cases the standards have however been disregarded in order to give a more accurate picture of the use of resources. No corresponding short-term statistics are disseminated, but the Central Government's revenues and expenditures are disseminated quarterly according to the Ministry of Finance's own table in the statistics Central Government fiscal account, revenue and expenditure. In principle the statistics are incorporated directly into the National Accounts, with certain exceptions as indicated above. Central government's revenues and expenditures can be found in various tables for the Central government in the institutional accounts of the National Accounts.

The figures for R&;D operating expenses are also published by NIFU. Previously only on an aggregated level with regards to colleges. As of 2009 NIFU publishes R&;D figures per College.

Input measured in contracted man-years:

Statistics Norway does not publish other particular statistics on employment in universities and colleges today, but the employees are included in Statistics Norway’s general register-based employment statistics where the employees and their contracted working hours are only counted in the enterprise where the employee performs her/his main position. StatRes also includes second jobs, in addition to 1) inclusion of employees more than 74 years old, 2) inclusion of employees on a short-term stay in Norway and 3) subtraction of doctor-certified absence and parental leave.

Until 2003, Statistics Norway published statistics on teachers in universities and colleges , based on information from the States Central Register,on Civil Servants. The teacher-statistics differs from StatRes-Universities and colleges in two respects. Firstly, the teacher-statistics included only teachers and administrative personnel that normally are teachers (headmasters, teaching inspectors and such). Accordingly, the teacher-statistics excluded administrative and support positions that are included in StatRes. All kinds of personnel are included in StatRes. Secondly, the teacher-statistics counted contracted man-years, whereas StatRes count contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves (see section 3.6 Estimation).

The Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) publishes statistics on personnel in universities and colleges in their Database for Information on Higher Education and Research DBH (in Norwegian only). DBH and StatRes are not comparable, for several reasons. Firstly, StatRes is based on information from several registers, whereas DBH is based on self-reported information from the enterprises to DBH. Secondly, StatRes counts contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves (see section 3.6 Estimation), whereas DBH counts contracted man-years. Thirdly, DBH excludes all hourly paid personnel, whereas some of these are included in StatRes.

Statistics Act sections 2.2, 2.3 and 3.2.

Not relevant

The population includes all state-owned universities and university colleges except military colleges.

Student statistics:  

Pursuant to the Statistical Act, Statistics Norway collects student data from Database for Statistics on Higher Education (DBH) and the administrative systems of the various tertiary institutions.

Information on Norwegian students abroad is provided by The State Education Loan Fund.

Surveys are not employed to collect education statistics. All data is obtained from university and college databases

Information on completed doctoral degrees is collected from NIFU.

Credit points:

Since there is no information in type of funding in education statistics in Statistics Norway, credit point figures used in unit costs and other productivity indicators are collected from the Database on Information on Research and Higher Education (DBH).

Publication points:

Figures are collected from the Database on Information on Research and Higher Education (DBH).

Application and entry figures:

Figures are collected from the Norwegian Universities and Colleges Admission Service (NUCAS - Samordna opptak).

Input statistics, account figures:

For all universities and university colleges except for the Norwegian Police University College, accounts data are collected from the Database for Information on Research and Higher Education (DBH) which is a database for information about Norwegian universities and university colleges. The system is operated by the Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD) sponsored by the Ministry of Education and Research (KD).The universities and university colleges submit their accounts in Excel or PDF format to this database, which is publicly available through the home page of NSD (in Norwegian only). For the Norwegian Police University College the source of data is the figures reported by the Norwegian Government Agency for Financial Management (SSØ) for the Central Government Budgetary Accounts (Report to Stortinget, no. 3).

Figures for operating expenditures for research and development (R&;D) are received from NIFU (see 4.1).

Figures for operating expenditures for teaching are total operating expense with R&;D expenses deducted.

Input measured in contracted man-years:

Register-based employment statistics in Statistics Norway are based on individual register data from various registers. Information related to employees and agreed working hours per week is mainly collected from the Nav State Register of Employers and Employees, the End of the Year Certificate Register, the Tax Register (the Directorate of Taxes), and payroll registers. The Central Coordinating Register for Legal Entities in Brønnøysund and Statistics Norway’s Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises provide data on industries and sectors for enterprises and underlying establishments. NAV’s register of participants in labour market initiatives, recipients of parental benefits and doctor-certified absence are also included. The employment statistics is therefore based on a number of different sources. Statistics Norway has developed a system for common utilization of these sources.

Student statistics:

Pursuant to the Statistics Act, Statistics Norway collects student data from the administrative systems of the various tertiary institutions.

Credit points containing information about financing, and publication points:

Manual registration of data collected from the DBH.

Application and entry figures:

Manual registration of data from Norwegian Universities and Colleges Admission Service (NUCAS - Samordna opptak).

Input statistics, account figures:

Accounts are downloaded from the DBH (see 3.2). Figures for operating expenditure for R&;D are received on a data file from NIFU.

Input measured in contracted man-years:

Extracts from several registers (see 3.2).

Definition and classification of the population for each year are controlled against the Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises (BoF), in practice identical with the Brønnøysund Register of Business Enterprises.

Student statistics:

Control and revision are carried out on all data received from educational institutions. This includes the deletion of duplicate records, controlling for correct and valid values for each variable and checking for missing information. Several variables are re-coded to comply with control programs run by Statistics Norway. In addition personal ID numbers are checked against Statistics Norway's population database.

Input statistics, account figures:

Processing and coding of the accounts is mainly done automatically by programs. The coding of the individual accounts is controlled by checking the totals for revenues and expenditures as well as other figures against the unprocessed accounts from the DBH. The coded figures for operating expenditures for R&;D are checked against the received data file from NIFU. Figures are also compared to the figures in previous years. Operating expenditures on R&;D is checked against figures from NIFU, and are also compared to figures of previous years. There are also automatic controls of data.

Input measured in contracted man-years:

The three most central registers concerning production of the statistics follow this procedure for control and revision: The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration conducts an annual control of the NAV State Register of Employers and Employees. Statistics Norway controls that enterprises with more than one establishment have separate numbers for each, and that the employees are registered with the correct establishment. Statistics Norway also controls the NAV State Register of Employers and Employees by comparing it with the End of the Year Certificate Register etc. Some kinds of errors are also corrected directly in the basic data for the employment statistics. Further, the contracted man-years adjusted for long-term leaves are checked against the wage costs mentioned above, in addition to the basic data for the wage statistics from payroll registers

Input measured in contracted man-years:

The three most central registers concerning production of the statistics follow this procedure for control and revision: The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration conducts an annual control of the NAV State Register of Employers and Employees. Statistics Norway controls that enterprises with more than one establishment have separate numbers for each, and that the employees are registered with the correct establishment. Statistics Norway also controls the NAV State Register of Employers and Employees by comparing it with the End of the Year Certificate Register etc. Some kinds of errors are also corrected directly in the basic data for the employment statistics. Further, the contracted man-years adjusted for long-term leaves are checked against the wage costs mentioned above, in addition to the basic data for the wage statistics from payroll registers. In connection with StatRes &– Universities and university colleges &– Statistics Norway conducts an annual control of the population of enterprises, and the grouping of the contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves in groups of positions.

Student statistics:

No estimation is required as the statistics are based on a full count of students, graduates and completed credit points.

Unit costs:

Operating expenditures for R&;D and for education respectively (and contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves) are measured in relation to 60 credit point units (one year full-time tertiary study equals to 60 credit points), and in relation to publication points. Because the educational institutions offers with different expenditures, an indicator where the 60 credit point units are adjusted in lines with the rates used in the funding system of universities and university colleges, has been made.

Input statistics, account figures:

Some of the accountindicators in StatRes cannot be directly retrieved from the accounts of the universities and colleges submitted to DBH, but are calculated on the basis of the figures in the accounts. Certain adaptations are also made to the figures for R&;D operating expenditure from NIFU. See section 4.1 for details on the indicators.

Input measured in contracted man-years:

Contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves, is estimated by Statistics Norway as the number of full-time jobs and part-time jobs calculated as full-time equivalents adjusted for doctor-certified sickness absence and parental leave. Man-years are estimated as a percentage of ordinary full-time jobs (37.5 hours per week). The estimation of man-years is based on the contracted working hours at a reference week (the third week of November in the statistics year) which is considered to be representative for the whole year. The register information on contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves will not be identical to the actual number of man-years worked, since the statistics does not capture overtime work, self-reported sickness absence, vacations, and other deviations from contracted man-years, except for parental leave and doctor-certified absence. For employees with more than one central government working relation in the reference week, contracted man-years adjusted for long-term leaves are estimated for each working relation and linked to each of the state enterprises where the persons are employed

The grouping of the contracted man-years adjusted for long term leaves in groups of positions is estimated by Statistics Norway on the bases of the position-/occupation-codes that occur in the population. For definitions of the groups of positions, see section 4.1.

The figures are published per educational institution as long as this does not conflict with the Statistics Act or the data quality. To prevent identification of individuals within the statistics the statistics are not published if fewer than three units are the basis for the result.

Some of the figures which form the basis for the figures in StatRes (student and account figures) have a long time series, and are comparable with figures going back several years. In StatRes, however, figures are included back to 2004.

The man-year figures involve the enterprises’ own employees. It may vary whether the enterprises choose to purchases their services, or to produce by their own employees, i.e. purchase of supporting services such as cleaning, kindergarten and canteen. The accounting figures show both wage costs related to own employees and purchases of goods and services.

Input statistics, account figures:

There may be changes in the classification of revenues and expenditures in the accounts of the institutions over time. One important example is the choice between classifying purchases of equipment as operating expenditure or investment. The introduction of the accruals principle has in some cases led to some smaller purchases of equipment which were formerly classified as operating expenditure, now being classified as investments and indicated in the balance sheet. Such changes may make the figures for consecutive years less comparable. There may also be partly different practices among institutions within a given year, especially if they have to a different extent completed the work of implementing the accrual principle.

The figures for R&;D-expenditures from NIFU may be less comparable over time following changes in e.g. methods and populations (see also sections 4.1 and 5.1 above).