;2013;2019;2019;2019; Total;Total;Males;Females; Level of education, in total;4117809;4371274;2193961;2177313; Below upper secondary education;1103238;1100884;568264;532620; Upper secondary education;1650483;1609559;869358;740201; Tertiary vocational education;;129035;82553;46482; Higher education, short;887154;1057705;427611;630094; Higher education, long;288512;448184;234055;214129; Of this:;;;;; Ph.D.;28158;45404;26106;19298; Unknown or no completed education;160264;25907;12120;13787; ;Per cent;Per cent;Per cent;Per cent; Below upper secondary education;27.9;25.3;26.0;24.6; Upper secondary education;41.7;37.0;39.8;34.2; Tertiary vocational education;;3.0;3.8;2.1; Higher education, short;22.4;24.3;19.6;29.1; Higher education, long;7.3;10.3;10.7;9.9; Of this;;;;; Ph.D.;0.7;1.0;1.2;0.9;